目錄初二物理難點(diǎn)在哪 初二物理筆記大全知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納 八年級物理各章節(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié) 初二數(shù)學(xué)下冊期中考試試卷 初二物理必考重點(diǎn)知識(shí)
銆?銆?鎬葷粨鏄?瀵瑰彇寰楃殑鎴愮嘩銆佸瓨鍦ㄧ殑闂?棰樺強(qiáng)寰楀埌鐨勭粡楠屽拰鏁欒??絳夋柟闈㈡儏鍐佃繘琛岃瘎浠蜂笌鎻忚堪鐨勪竴縐嶄功闈㈡潗鏂欙紝瀹冨湪鎴戜滑鐨勫?︿範(fàn)銆佸伐浣滀腑璧峰埌鍛堜笂鍚?涓嬬殑浣滅敤錛屼笉濡ㄥ潗涓嬫潵濂藉ソ鍐欏啓鎬葷粨鍚с?傛?葷粨涓?鑸?鏄?鎬庝箞鍐欑殑鍛?錛熶笅闈㈡槸鎴戠簿蹇冩暣鐞嗙殑鍏?涓嬬墿鐞嗙煡璇嗙偣鎬葷粨錛堥?氱敤6綃囷級錛屾?㈣繋澶у?跺?熼壌涓庡弬鑰冿紝甯屾湜瀵瑰ぇ瀹舵湁鎵?甯?鍔┿??
銆?銆?鍏?涓嬬墿鐞嗙煡璇嗙偣鎬葷粨1
銆?銆?絎?鍏?绔犳?у?嗗畾寰嬶細(xì)絎?涓?鑺傜數(shù)鍘?
銆?銆?閫氳繃姝よ妭鐨勫?︿範(fàn)瑕佽?╁?︾敓鏄庣櫧鐢?shù)鍘嬬殑鍗曚綅鏄?涔堬紵鎬庢牱嫻嬮噺鐢?shù)鍘嬪Q熻繖鏄?瀵瑰?︾敓鏈?鍩烘湰鐨勮?佹眰銆?
銆?銆?鐢?shù)鍘嬫?鐢?shù)?︿腑閲嶈?佺殑姒傚康錛屾槸鐮旂┒嬈у?嗗畾寰嬬殑鍩虹??銆傛湰鑺傞噸鐐規(guī)槸緇冧範(fàn)浣跨敤鐢?shù)鍘嬭〃??
銆?銆?鐢?shù)鍘嬫蹇电殑迮炴垚锛?xì)鏁欐潗浠庢棩甯哥敓媧諱腑瀛︾敓鐑?鐭ョ殑鈥滅數(shù)鍘嬧?濅竴璇嶆潵瀛︿範(fàn)銆傛暀鏉愬彧璁蹭簡鐢?shù)鍘嬫?浠?涔堢殑闂?棰樸??
銆?銆?鏁欏?﹀緩璁?錛氬惎鍙戞彁闂?錛氫綘鍦ㄦ棩甯哥敓媧婚偅浜涘湴鏂瑰惉璇磋繃鈥滅數(shù)鍘嬧?濊繖涓?姒傚康鍛?錛熻?╁?︾敓璁ㄨ?恒?侀槄璇繪?濊?冨洖絳旓紝璁╀粬浠?浠庡疄闄呬腑璁よ瘑鐢?shù)鍘嬨€?
銆?銆?鎯蟲兂鍋氬仛錛氳?佹眰瀛︾敓浠旂粏瑙傚療鐏?娉′袱绔?鐢?shù)鍘嬪彉鍖栧強(qiáng)浜害鍙樺寲鎯呭嘃c(diǎn)?傝?╁?︾敓鎰熺煡鐏?娉＄殑浜?搴︿笌鐢?shù)鍘嬬殑鍏尘p伙紝浠庤?屽紩鍑虹數(shù)鍘嬬殑浣滅敤銆傚嵆瑕佸湪涓?孌電數(shù)璺?涓?浜х敓鐢墊祦錛屽畠鐨勪袱绔?瑕佹湁鐢?shù)鍘嬨€傜劧鍚庤?茶В鐢墊簮浣滅敤銆佺數(shù)鍘嬭〃紺虹?﹀彿鍙?qiáng)鍗曚綅??
銆?銆?鎬庢牱榪炴帴鐢?shù)鍘嬭?錛氭槸鏈?鑺傛暀鏉愮殑閲嶇偣錛屽畠鍘繪帀浜嗙幇琛屾暀鏉愮殑璁茶堪寮忕殑浠嬬粛鐢?shù)鍘嬭〃鐨勪娇鐢ㄦ栆?guī)硶錛岃?屾槸璁╁?︾敓鏍規(guī)嵁璇存槑涔﹁嚜瀛﹀茍浣跨敤鐢?shù)鍘嬭〃?佹眰瀛︾敓甯︾潃闂?棰樺幓闃呰?葷數(shù)鍘嬭〃鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ?存槑涔︼紝鏉ヨ幏鍙栨墍闇?瑕佺殑淇℃伅銆備粠鑰屽煿鍏諱簡瀛︾敓鐨勯槄璇昏兘鍔涖??
銆?銆?寤鴻??錛氭暀甯堝彲浠ラ噰鐢ㄥ厛璁╁?︾敓闃呰?葷數(shù)鍘嬭〃浣跨敤璇存槑涔︼紝鐒跺悗浜ゆ祦鑾峰彇鐨勪俊鎭?錛岃皥璋堢數(shù)鍘嬭〃鐨勮繛鎺ユ柟娉曘?傚悓鏃惰?╁?︾敓鏍規(guī)嵁鐢?shù)鍘嬭〃鐨勪娇鐢ㄦ栆?guī)硶鑷?鎴戣?捐?′竴涓?鐢ㄧ數(shù)鍘嬭〃嫻嬪皬鐏?娉′袱绔?鐨勭數(shù)璺?錛屽茍鍔ㄦ墜瀹為獙銆傝繖鏍峰煿鍏諱簡瀛︾敓涓庝漢鍚堜綔銆佷氦嫻佺殑涔?fàn)鎯€?
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銆?銆?鎬庢牱鍦ㄧ數(shù)鍘嬭〃涓婅?繪暟錛氭暀鏉愭病鏈夊憡璇夎?繪暟鐨勬柟娉曪紝鑰屾槸閲囩敤綾繪瘮鑱旀兂鐨勬柟娉曡?╁?︾敓鑷?宸辨?濊?冪數(shù)鍘嬭〃璇繪暟鐨勬柟娉曘?傛暀甯堝湪鏁欏?︿腑鍒囧繉鐩存帴鍛婅瘔銆傚彲鍏堝睍紺轟竴涓嬬數(shù)嫻佽〃錛岃?╁?︾敓璇磋?寸數(shù)嫻佽〃鐨勮?繪暟鏂規(guī)硶錛岀劧鍚庢兂鎯寵?ユ?庢牱錛岃皥璋堜綘浠庣數(shù)嫻佽〃鐨勮?繪暟涓?鍙楀埌浠?涔堝惎鍙戙?傚ぇ鑳嗗皾璇曚竴涓嬬數(shù)鍘嬭〃鐨勮?繪暟銆?
銆?銆?鎯蟲兂鍋氬仛錛氱數(shù)姹犱覆鑱旈棶棰樻槸鐢熸椿涓?甯歌?佺殑闂?棰樸?傞?氳繃瀛︾敓鍔ㄦ墜瀹為獙銆佸?規(guī)祴閲忕殑鍒嗘瀽錛屼笉闅懼緱鍑轟覆鑱旂數(shù)姹犵粍鐢?shù)鍘嬬殑鐗圭偣锛屽崒?╀粬浠?浠庡疄楠屼腑鎰熺煡涓茶仈鐢墊睜緇勭數(shù)鍘嬫瘮鍗曚釜鐢墊睜鐢?shù)濂芥垰鍘嬪锛屼笖绛変簬涓覆鑱旂攭|睜鐢?shù)鍘嬩箣鍜屻€?
銆?銆?寤鴻??錛氭暀甯堝彲璁╁?︾敓鍔ㄦ墜瀹為獙鍚庢彁闂?錛氫覆鑱旂數(shù)姹犵數(shù)鍘嬬粍緇欎簡鎴戜滑鍝?浜涙柊鐨勫惎鍙戝憿錛熷叧浜庡?︾敓闂?鍒板茍鑱旂數(shù)姹犵粍鐢?shù)鍘嬫椨灱岀斪兒庲q惰仈鐢墊睜緇勫湪鏃ュ父鐢熸椿涓?灝戣?侊紝鏁欐潗鏈?鐮旂┒錛屾暀瀛︿腑鍙?璁╁?︾敓璇懼?栫爺絀躲??
銆?銆?鍔ㄦ墜鍔ㄨ剳瀛︾墿鐞嗭細(xì)鍏辨湁4涓?灝忛?橈紝涓旈兘鑱旂郴瀹為檯錛岀粰瀛︾敓瀹炶返鐨勬満浼?xì)?傜??2棰樿嚜鍒剁洂姘寸數(shù)姹狅紝騫剁敤鐢?shù)鍘嬭〃鍒ゆ?鐢墊簮姝ｃ?佽礋鏋併?傛暀甯堝簲鎯沖姙娉曚負(fù)瀛︾敓鎻愪緵鍣ㄦ潗錛岃?╀粬浠?鍔ㄦ墜瀹為獙銆傛湁鍒╀簬鎻愰珮瀛︾敓瀹炶返鑳藉姏錛屾墦鐮村?圭數(shù)鐨勪駭鐢熺殑紲炵?樻劅銆傚湪鐢ㄧ數(shù)鍘嬭〃鍒ゆ柇鐢墊簮姝ｈ礋鏋佹椂錛屽ぇ鑳嗙敤鈥滆瘯瑙︹?濈殑鏂規(guī)硶鏉ュ疄楠屻?傞亣鍒伴棶棰樺彲璁ㄨ?哄?備綍瑙ｅ喅銆?
銆?銆?絎?鍏?绔犳?у?嗗畾寰嬶細(xì)絎?2鑺傛帰絀朵覆鑱旂數(shù)璺?涓?鐢?shù)鍘嬬殑?勫緥
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銆?銆?寤鴻??錛氱敱浜庢暀鏉愪腑緇欏嚭浜嗗?︾敓瀵煎?︾殑榪囩▼銆傚洜姝わ紝鏁欏笀鍙?灝嗗?︾敓鍒嗘垚灝忕粍錛岃?╀粬浠?鑷?鎴戞帰璁ㄥ畬鎴愬?煎?﹀唴瀹瑰墠浜旈儴鍒嗭紝鐒跺悗璁╀粬浠?浜ゆ祦銆傚悓鏃訛紝鏁欏笀涔熷彲浠ヨ?╁?︾敓灝嗗茍鑱旂數(shù)璺?涓?鐢?shù)鍘嬭寰嬬殑鎺⒔I訛紝浣滀負(fù)鍙嬫?甸櫟璇懼?栧唴瀹瑰竷緗?錛岃?╁?︾敓鍘誨畬鎴愩?傚綋鐒舵暀甯堜篃鍙?浠ョ敤瀹為獙鍚戝?︾敓灞曠ず銆?
銆?銆?鍔ㄦ墜鍔ㄨ剳瀛︾墿鐞嗭細(xì)絎?2棰樺埗浣滄按鏋滅數(shù)姹狅紝鏄?涓?涓?闈炲父鏈夎叮鐨勫疄楠屻?備笉浠呯敤鑿犺悵鍙?鍋氾紝鑰屼笖鐢ㄥ叾浠栨按鏋溿?佽敩鑿滃?傝憽钀勩?佸湡璞嗙瓑涔熷彲浠ュ仛銆傛椿鍔ㄤ腑璁╁?︾敓鎰熺煡浜嗙數(shù)鍘嬭〃鐨勪綔鐢?錛岃繘涓?姝ュ琺鍥轟簡鍒╃敤鐢?shù)鍘嬭〃鍒ゆ?鐢墊簮姝ｈ礋鏋佺殑鏂規(guī)硶銆傛?ゅ疄楠屾椿鍔ㄧ殑鏈?鍚庤?╁?︾敓鎬濊?冿細(xì)鍏充簬鈥滄按鏋滅數(shù)姹犫?濅綘榪樺彂鐜頒簡浠?涔堬紵璁╁?︾噧鏄岀敓灞曞紑鎯寵薄錛屽煿鍏諱簡瀛︾敓鐨勫彂鏁ｆ?濈淮錛岃?╁?︾敓鍒╃敤韜?杈圭殑鐢熸椿鐢ㄥ搧鏉ュ仛瀹為獙錛屾縺鍙戜簡瀛︾敓鐨勫叴瓚ｃ??
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銆?銆?絎?涓?閮ㄥ垎澹扮幇璞″強(qiáng)鐗╂?佸彉鍖?
銆?銆?錛堜竴錛夊０鐜拌薄
銆?銆?1銆佸０闊崇殑鍙戠敓錛氫竴鍒囨?ｅ湪鍙戝０鐨勭墿浣撻兘鍦ㄦ尟鍔?錛屾尟鍔ㄥ仠姝?錛屽彂澹頒篃灝卞仠姝?銆傚０闊蟲槸鐢辯墿浣撶殑鎸?鍔ㄤ駭鐢熺殑錛屼絾騫朵笉鏄?鎵?鏈夌殑鎸?鍔ㄩ兘浼?xì)鍙戝嚭澹伴煙??
銆?銆?2銆佸０闊崇殑浼犳挱錛氬０闊崇殑浼犳挱闇?瑕佷粙璐?錛岀湡絀轟笉鑳戒紶澹?
銆?銆?錛?1錛夊０闊寵?侀潬涓?鍒囨皵浣擄紝娑蹭綋銆佸浐浣撲綔濯掍粙浼犳挱鍑哄幓錛岃繖浜涗綔涓轟紶鎾?濯掍粙鐨勭墿璐ㄧО涓轟粙璐ㄣ?傜櫥涓婃湀鐞冪殑瀹囪埅鍛樺嵆浣塊潰瀵歸潰浜よ皥錛屼篃闇?瑕侀潬鏃犵嚎鐢?shù)锛岄偅灏辨?鍥犱負(fù)鏈堢悆涓婃病鏈夌┖姘旓紝鐪熺┖涓嶈兘浼犲０
銆?銆?錛?2錛夊０闂村湪涓嶅悓浠嬭川涓?浼犳挱閫熷害涓嶅悓
銆?銆?3銆佸洖澹幫細(xì)澹伴煶鍦ㄤ紶鎾?榪囩▼涓?錛岄亣鍒伴殰紕嶇墿琚?鍙嶅皠鍥炴潵浜哄啀嬈″惉鍒扮殑澹伴煶鍙?鍥炲０
銆?銆?錛?1錛夊尯鍒?鍥炲０涓庡師澹扮殑鏉′歡錛氬洖澹板埌杈句漢鐨勮?蟲湹姣斿師澹版櫄0.1縐掍互涓娿??
銆?銆?錛?2錛変綆浜?0.1縐掓椂錛屽垯鍙嶅皠鍥炴潵鐨勫０闂村彧鑳戒嬌鍘熷０鍔犲己銆?
銆?銆?錛?3錛夊埄鐢ㄥ洖澹板彲嫻嬫搗娣辨垨鍙戝０浣撹窛闅滅?嶇墿鏈夊?氳繍
銆?銆?4銆侀煶璋冿細(xì)澹伴煶鐨勯珮浣庡彨闊寵皟錛屽畠鏄?鐢卞彂澹頒綋鎸?鍔ㄩ?戠巼鍐沖畾鐨勶紝棰戠巼瓚婂ぇ錛岄煶璋冭秺楂樸??
銆?銆?5銆佸搷搴︼細(xì)澹伴煶鐨勫ぇ灝忓彨鍝嶅害錛屽搷搴﹁窡鍙戝０浣撴尟鍔ㄧ殑鎸?騫呭ぇ灝忔湁鍏籌紝榪樿窡澹版簮鍒頒漢鑰崇殑璺濈?昏繙榪戞湁鍏?
銆?銆?6銆侀煶鑹詫細(xì)涓嶅悓鍙戝０浣撴墍鍙戝嚭鐨勫０闊崇殑鍝佽川鍙?闊寵壊
銆?銆?7銆佸櫔澹板強(qiáng)鏉ユ簮
銆?銆?浠庣墿鐞嗚?掑害鐪嬶紝鍣?澹版槸鎸囧彂澹頒綋鍋氭棤瑙勫垯鍦版潅涔辨棤绔犳尟鍔ㄦ椂鍙戝嚭鐨勫０闊熾?備粠鐜?淇濊?掑害鐪嬶紝鍑℃槸濡ㄧ?嶄漢浠?姝ｅ父浼戞伅銆佸?︿範(fàn)鍜屽伐浣滅殑澹伴煶閮藉睘浜庡櫔澹般??
銆?銆?8銆佸０闊崇瓑綰х殑鍒掑垎
銆?銆?浜轟滑鐢ㄥ垎璐濇潵鍒掑垎澹伴煶鐨勭瓑綰э紝30db鈥?40db鏄?杈冪悊鎯崇殑瀹夐潤鐜?澧冿紝瓚呰繃50db灝變細(xì)褰卞搷鐫＄湢錛?70db浠ヤ笂浼?xì)骞叉壈璋堣瘽锛屽奖鍝嶅伐浣滄晥鐜囧Q岄暱鏈熺敓媧誨湪90db浠ヤ笂鐨勫櫔澹扮幆澧冧腑錛屼細(xì)褰卞搷鍚?鍔涖??
銆?銆?9銆佸櫔澹板噺寮辯殑閫斿緞錛氬彲浠ュ湪澹版簮澶勩?佷紶鎾?榪囩▼涓?鍜屼漢鑰沖?勫噺寮便??
銆?銆?錛堜簩錛夌墿鎬佸彉鍖?
銆?銆?1銆佹俯搴︼細(xì)鐗╀綋鐨勫喎鐑?紼嬪害鍙?娓╁害
銆?銆?2銆佹憚姘忔俯搴︼細(xì)鎶婂啺姘存販鍚堢墿鐨勬俯搴﹁?勫畾涓?0搴︼紝鎶?1鏍囧噯澶ф皵鍘嬩笅娌告按鐨勬俯搴﹁?勫畾涓?100搴︺??
銆?銆?3銆佹俯搴﹁??
銆?銆?錛?1錛夊師鐞嗭細(xì)娑蹭綋鐨勭儹鑳?鍐風(fēng)緝鐨勬?ц川鍒舵垚鐨?
銆?銆?錛?2錛夋瀯閫狅細(xì)鐜葷拑澹熾?佹瘺緇嗙?°?佺幓鐠冩場銆佸埢搴﹀強(qiáng)娑蹭綋
銆?銆?錛?3錛変嬌鐢?錛氫嬌鐢ㄦ俯搴﹁?′互鍓嶏紝瑕佹敞鎰忚?傚療閲忕▼鍜岃?ゆ竻鍒嗗害鍊?
銆?銆?4銆佷嬌鐢ㄦ俯搴﹁?″仛鍒頒互涓嬩笁鐐?
銆?銆?鈶犳俯搴﹁?′笌寰呮祴鐗╀綋鍏呭垎鎺ヨЕ
銆?銆?鈶″緟紺烘暟紼沖畾鍚庡啀璇繪暟
銆?銆?鈶㈣?繪暟鏃訛紝瑙嗙嚎瑕佷笌娑查潰涓婅〃闈㈢浉騫籌紝娓╁害璁′粛涓庡緟嫻嬬墿浣撶揣瀵嗘帴瑙?
銆?銆?5銆佷綋娓╄?★紝瀹為獙娓╁害璁★紝瀵掓殤琛ㄧ殑涓昏?佸尯鍒?
銆?銆?鏋勯?犻噺紼嬪垎搴﹀?肩敤娉?
銆?銆?浣撴俯璁＄幓鐠冩場涓婃柟鏈夌緝鍙?35鈥?42鈩? 0.1鈩?
銆?銆?鈶犵?誨紑浜轟綋璇繪暟
銆?銆?鈶＄敤鍓嶉渶鐢?
銆?銆?瀹為獙娓╁害璁℃棤鈥?20鈥?100鈩?1鈩冧笉鑳界?誨紑琚?嫻嬬墿璇繪暟錛屼篃涓嶈兘鐢┿??
銆?銆?瀵掓殤琛ㄦ棤鈥?30鈥?50鈩?1鈩冨悓涓娿??
銆?銆?6銆佺啍鍖栧拰鍑濆浐
銆?銆?鐗╄川浠庡浐鎬佸彉鎴愭恫鎬佸彨鐔斿寲錛岀啍鍖栬?佸惛鐑?銆?
銆?銆?鐗╄川浠庢恫鎬佸彉鎴愬浐鎬佸彨鍑濆浐錛屽嚌鍥鴻?佹斁鐑?銆?
銆?銆?7銆佺啍鐐瑰拰鍑濆浐鐐?
銆?銆?錛?1錛夊浐浣撳垎鏅朵綋鍜岄潪鏅朵綋涓ょ被
銆?銆?錛?2錛夌啍鐐癸細(xì)鏅朵綋閮芥湁涓?瀹氱殑鐔斿寲娓╁害錛屽彨鐔旂偣銆?
銆?銆?錛?3錛夊嚌鍥虹偣錛氭櫠浣撹?呮湁涓?瀹氱殑鍑濆浐娓╁害錛屽彨鍑濆浐鐐廣??
銆?銆?鍚屼竴縐嶇墿璐ㄧ殑鍑濆浐鐐硅窡瀹冪殑鐔旂偣鐩稿悓銆?
銆?銆?8銆佺墿璐ㄤ粠娑叉?佸彉涓烘皵鎬佸彨姹藉寲錛屾苯鍖栨湁涓ょ?嶄笉鍚岀殑鏂瑰紡錛氳捀鍙戝拰娌歌吘錛岃繖涓ょ?嶆柟寮忛兘瑕佸惛鐑?銆?
銆?銆?9銆佽捀鍙戠幇璞?
銆?銆?錛?1錛夊畾涔夛細(xì)钂稿彂鏄?娑蹭綋鍦ㄤ換浣曟俯搴︿笅閮借兘鍙戠敓鐨勶紝騫朵笖鍙?鍦ㄦ恫浣撹〃闈㈠彂鐢熺殑姹藉寲鐜拌薄銆?
銆?銆?錛?2錛夊獎(jiǎng)鍝嶈捀鍙戝揩鎱㈢殑鍥犵礌錛氭恫浣撴俯搴﹂珮浣庯紝娑蹭綋琛ㄩ潰縐?澶у皬錛屾恫浣撹〃闈㈢┖姘旀祦鍔ㄧ殑蹇?鎱?銆?
銆?銆?10銆佹哺鑵劇幇璞?
銆?銆?錛?1錛夊畾涔夛細(xì)娌歌吘鏄?鍦ㄦ恫浣撳唴閮ㄥ拰琛ㄩ潰鍚屾椂榪涜?岀殑鍓х儓鐨勬苯鍖栫幇璞°??
銆?銆?錛?2錛夋恫浣撴哺鑵劇殑鏉′歡錛氣憼娓╁害杈懼埌娌哥偣鈶＄戶緇?鍚告敹鐑?閲?
銆?銆?鍏?涓嬬墿鐞嗙煡璇嗙偣鎬葷粨4
銆?銆?涓?銆佸厜鐨勭洿綰夸紶鎾?
銆?銆?1銆佸厜婧愶細(xì)瀹氫箟錛氳兘澶熷彂鍏夌殑鐗╀綋鍙?鍏夋簮銆?
銆?銆?2銆佽?勫緥錛氬厜鍦ㄥ悓涓?縐嶅潎鍖?浠嬭川涓?鏄?娌跨洿綰夸紶鎾?鐨勩??
銆?銆?3銆佸厜綰挎槸鐢變竴灝忔潫鍏夋娊璞¤?屽緩绔嬬殑鐞嗘兂鐗╃悊妯″瀷錛屽緩绔嬬悊鎯崇墿鐞嗘ā鍨嬫槸鐮旂┒鐗╃悊鐨勫父鐢ㄦ柟娉曚箣涓?銆?
銆?銆?4銆佸簲鐢ㄥ強(qiáng)鐜拌薄錛?
銆?銆?鈶犳縺鍏夊噯鐩淬??
銆?銆?鈶″獎(jiǎng)瀛愮殑褰㈡垚銆?
銆?銆?鈶㈡棩椋熸湀椋熺殑褰㈡垚銆?
銆?銆?鈶ｅ皬瀛旀垚鍍忋??
銆?銆?5銆佸厜閫燂細(xì)3脳10鐨?8嬈℃柟m/s銆?
銆?銆?浜屻?佸厜鐨勫弽灝?
銆?銆?1銆佸畾涔夛細(xì)鍏変粠涓?縐嶄粙璐ㄥ皠鍚戝彟涓?縐嶄粙璐ㄨ〃闈㈡椂錛屼竴閮ㄥ垎鍏夎??鍙嶅皠鍥炲師鏉ヤ粙璐ㄧ殑鐜拌薄鍙?鍏夌殑鍙嶅皠銆?
銆?銆?2銆佸弽灝勫畾寰嬶細(xì)鍙嶅皠鍏夌嚎涓庡叆灝勫厜綰褲?佹硶綰垮湪鍚屼竴騫抽潰涓婏紝鍙嶅皠鍏夌嚎鍜屽叆灝勫厜綰垮垎灞呬簬娉曠嚎鐨勪袱渚э紝鍙嶅皠瑙掔瓑浜庡叆灝勮?掋?傚厜鐨勫弽灝勮繃紼嬩腑鍏夎礬鏄?鍙?閫嗙殑銆?
銆?銆?3銆佸垎綾伙細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶撮暅闈㈠弽灝勶細(xì)
銆?銆?瀹氫箟錛氬皠鍒扮墿闈?涓婄殑騫寵?屽厜鍙嶅皠鍚庝粛鐒跺鉤琛?
銆?銆?鏉′歡錛氬弽灝勯潰騫蟲粦銆?
銆?銆?鈶墊極鍙嶅皠錛?
銆?銆?瀹氫箟錛氬皠鍒扮墿闈?涓婄殑騫寵?屽厜鍙嶅皠鍚庡悜鐫?涓嶅悓鐨勬柟鍚戯紝姣忔潯鍏夌嚎閬靛畧鍏夌殑鍙嶅皠瀹氬緥銆?
銆?銆?鏉′歡錛氬弽灝勯潰鍑瑰嚫涓嶅鉤銆?
銆?銆?4銆侀潰闀滐細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶村鉤闈㈤暅錛氭垚鍍忕壒鐐癸細(xì)鈶犲儚銆佺墿澶у皬鐩哥瓑
銆?銆?鈶″儚銆佺墿鍒伴暅闈㈢殑璺濈?葷浉絳夈??
銆?銆?鈶㈠儚銆佺墿鐨勮繛綰夸笌闀滈潰鍨傜洿
銆?銆?鈶ｇ墿浣撳湪騫抽潰闀滈噷鎵?鎴愮殑鍍忔槸铏氬儚銆?
銆?銆?鎴愬儚鍘熺悊錛氬厜鐨勫弽灝勫畾鐞?
銆?銆?瀹炲儚鍜岃櫄鍍忥細(xì)瀹炲儚錛氬疄闄呭厜綰夸細(xì)鑱氱偣鎵?鎴愮殑鍍?
銆?銆?铏氬儚錛氬弽灝勫厜綰垮弽鍚戝歡闀跨嚎鐨勪細(xì)鑱氱偣鎵?鎴愮殑鍍?
銆?銆?涓夈?侀?滆壊鍙?qiáng)鐪嬩笉?佺殑鍏?
銆?銆?1銆佺櫧鍏夌殑緇勬垚錛氱孩錛屾?欙紝榛勶紝緇匡紝钃濓紝闈涳紝绱?銆?
銆?銆?2銆佺湅涓嶈?佺殑鍏夛細(xì)綰㈠?栫嚎錛岀傳澶栫嚎
銆?銆?鍏?涓嬬墿鐞嗙煡璇嗙偣鎬葷粨5
銆?銆?鑷?鐒剁晫涓?鐨勭墿璐ㄦ湁涓夌?嶇姸鎬侊細(xì)鍥烘?併?佹恫鎬併?佹皵鎬?
銆?銆?1銆佸浐鎬侊細(xì)鏃㈡湁涓?瀹氱殑浣撶Н錛屽張鏈変竴瀹氱殑褰㈢姸錛屽緢闅捐??鍘嬬緝
銆?銆?2銆佹恫鎬侊細(xì)涓嶅?規(guī)槗琚?鍘嬬緝涓旀湁涓?瀹氱殑浣撶Н錛屼絾鐢變簬瀹冨叿鏈夋祦鍔ㄦ?э紝娌℃湁涓?瀹氱殑褰㈢姸
銆?銆?3銆佹皵鎬侊細(xì)寰堝?規(guī)槗琚?鍘嬬緝錛屽叿鏈夋祦鍔ㄦ?с?傚嵆鏃㈡病鏈変竴瀹氱殑浣撶Н錛屼篃娌℃湁涓?瀹氱殑褰㈢姸
銆?銆?4銆佺?誨瓙鎬侊細(xì)鐢辯瓑閲忕殑甯﹁礋鐢電殑鐢?shù)瀛愬拰甯︽鐢?shù)鐨勭?誨瓙緇勬垚銆傦紙浜嗚В錛岄噸鍦ㄥ己璋冨簲鐢?錛?
銆?銆?涓婇潰瀵圭墿鐞嗕腑鐗╄川鐨勪笁縐嶇姸鎬佺煡璇嗙殑璁茶В瀛︿範(fàn)錛屽悓瀛︿滑閮借兘寰堝ソ鐨勬帉鎻′簡鍚э紝鐩鎬俊鍚屽?︿滑涓?瀹氳兘鍦ㄨ?冭瘯涓?鍙栧緱寰堝ソ鐨勬垚緇┿??
銆?銆?涓?鑰冪墿鐞嗙煡璇嗙偣錛氶?忛暅
銆?銆?鍏充簬鐗╃悊涓?閫忛暅鐨勭煡璇嗭紝甯屾湜鍚屽?︿滑寰堝ソ鐨勬帉鎻′笅闈㈢殑鍐呭?圭煡璇嗗摝銆?
銆?銆?閫忛暅
銆?銆?閫忛暅錛氶?忔槑鐗╄川鍒舵垚錛堜竴鑸?鏄?鐜葷拑錛夛紝鑷沖皯鏈変竴涓?琛ㄩ潰鏄?鐞冮潰鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎錛屽?瑰厜璧鋒姌灝勪綔鐢ㄧ殑鍏夊?﹀厓浠躲??
銆?銆?鍒嗙被錛?
銆?銆?1銆佸嚫閫忛暅錛氳竟緙樿杽錛屼腑澶?鍘氥??
銆?銆?2銆佸嚬閫忛暅錛氳竟緙樺帤錛屼腑澶?钖勩??
銆?銆?涓誨厜杞達(dá)細(xì)閫氳繃涓や釜鐞冨績鐨勭洿綰褲??
銆?銆?鍏夊績錛氫富鍏夎醬涓婃湁涓?鐗規(guī)畩鐨勭偣錛岄?氳繃瀹冪殑鍏夌嚎浼犳挱鏂瑰悜涓嶅彉銆傦紙閫忛暅涓?蹇冨彲璁や負(fù)鏄?鍏夊績錛?
銆?銆?鐒︾偣錛氬嚫閫忛暅鑳戒嬌璺熶富杞村鉤琛岀殑鍏夌嚎浼?xì)鑱氬湪涓诲厜栳u涓婄殑涓?鐐癸紝榪欑偣鍙?閫忛暅鐨勭劍鐐癸紝鐢?"F"琛ㄧず
銆?銆?铏氱劍鐐癸細(xì)璺熶富鍏夎醬騫寵?岀殑鍏夌嚎緇忓嚬閫忛暅鍚庡彉寰楀彂鏁ｏ紝鍙戞暎鍏夌嚎鐨勫弽鍚戝歡闀跨嚎鐩鎬氦鍦ㄤ富鍏夎醬涓婁竴鐐癸紝榪欎竴鐐逛笉鏄?瀹為檯鍏夌嚎鐨勪細(xì)鑱氱偣錛屾墍浠ュ彨铏氱劍鐐廣??
銆?銆?鐒﹁窛錛氱劍鐐瑰埌鍏夊績鐨勮窛紱誨彨鐒﹁窛錛岀敤"f"琛ㄧず銆?
銆?銆?姣忎釜閫忛暅閮芥湁涓や釜鐒︾偣銆佺劍璺濆拰涓?涓?鍏夊績銆?
銆?銆?閫忛暅瀵瑰厜鐨勪綔鐢?錛?
銆?銆?鍑擱?忛暅錛氬?瑰厜璧蜂細(xì)鑱氫綔鐢ㄣ??
銆?銆?鍑歸?忛暅錛氬?瑰厜璧峰彂鏁ｄ綔鐢ㄣ??
銆?銆?閫氳繃涓婇潰瀵圭墿鐞嗕腑閫忛暅鐭ヨ瘑鐐圭殑鍐呭?硅?茶В瀛︿範(fàn)錛岀浉淇″悓瀛︿滑宸茬粡鑳藉緢濂界殑鎺屾彙浜嗗惂錛屽笇鏈涘悓瀛︿滑璁ょ湡鐨勫?︿範(fàn)鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑銆?
銆?銆?鍏?涓嬬墿鐞嗙煡璇嗙偣鎬葷粨6
銆?銆?1銆佸艦鎴愶細(xì)鐢?shù)鑽风殑瀹氬悜绉诲姩迮炴垚鐢?shù)嫻併??
銆?銆?娉?錛氳?ュ?勭數(shù)鑽鋒槸鑷?鐢辯數(shù)鑽楓?傚?歸噾灞炴潵璁叉槸鑷?鐢辯數(shù)瀛愬畾鍚戠Щ鍔ㄥ艦鎴愮數(shù)嫻侊紱瀵歸吀銆佺⒈銆佺洂鐨勬按婧舵恫鏉ヨ?詫紝姝ｈ礋紱誨瓙瀹氬悜縐誨姩褰㈡垚鐢墊祦銆?
銆?銆?2銆佹柟鍚戠殑瑙勫畾錛氭妸姝ｇ數(shù)鑽風(fēng)Щ鍔ㄧ殑鏂瑰悜瑙勫畾涓虹數(shù)嫻佺殑鏂瑰悜銆?
銆?銆?娉?錛氬湪鐢墊簮澶栭儴錛岀數(shù)嫻佺殑鏂瑰悜浠庣數(shù)婧愮殑姝ｆ瀬鍒拌礋鏋併??
銆?銆?鐢墊祦鐨勬柟鍚戜笌鑷?鐢辯數(shù)瀛愬畾鍚戠Щ鍔ㄧ殑鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽
銆?銆?3銆佽幏寰楁寔緇?鐢墊祦鐨勬潯浠訛細(xì)
銆?銆?鐢?shù)璧\涓?鏈夌數(shù)婧愮數(shù)璺?涓洪?氳礬
銆?銆?4銆佺數(shù)嫻佺殑涓夌?嶆晥搴斻??
銆?銆?錛?1錛夌數(shù)嫻佺殑鐑?鏁堝簲銆傚?傜櫧鐐界伅錛岀數(shù)楗?閿呯瓑銆?
銆?銆?錛?2錛夌數(shù)嫻佺殑紓佹晥搴旓紝濡傜數(shù)閾冪瓑銆?
銆?銆?錛?3錛夌數(shù)嫻佺殑鍖栧?︽晥搴旓紝濡傜數(shù)瑙ｃ?佺數(shù)闀?絳夈??
銆?銆?娉?錛氱數(shù)嫻佺湅涓嶈?併?佹懜涓嶇潃錛屾垜浠?鍙?浠ラ?氳繃鍚勭?嶇數(shù)嫻佺殑鏁堝簲鏉ュ垽鏂?瀹冪殑瀛樺湪錛岃繖閲屼綋鐜頒簡杞?鎹㈡硶鐨勭?戝?︽?濇兂銆?
銆?銆?錛堢墿鐞嗗?︿腑錛屽?逛簬涓?浜涚湅涓嶈?併?佹懜涓嶇潃鐨勭墿璐ㄦ垨鐗╃悊闂?棰樻垜浠?寰?寰?瑕佹姏寮?浜嬬墿鏈?韜?錛岄?氳繃瑙傚療鍜岀爺絀跺畠浠?鍦ㄨ嚜鐒剁晫涓?琛ㄧ幇鍑烘潵鐨勫?栨樉鐗規(guī)?с?佺幇璞℃垨浜х敓鐨勬晥搴旂瓑錛屽幓璁よ瘑浜嬬墿鐨勬柟娉曪紝鍦ㄧ墿鐞嗗?︿笂縐頒綔榪欑?嶆柟娉曞彨杞?鎹㈡硶錛?
銆?銆?5銆佸崟浣嶏細(xì)錛?1錛夊浗闄呭崟浣嶏細(xì)A
銆?銆?錛?2錛夈?佸父鐢ㄥ崟浣嶏細(xì)mA銆佄糀
銆?銆?錛?3錛夋崲綆楀叧緋伙細(xì)1A=1000mA1mA=1000渭A
銆?銆?6銆佹祴閲忥細(xì)
銆?銆?錛?1錛変華鍣?錛氱數(shù)嫻佽〃
銆?銆?錛?2錛夋柟娉曪細(xì)
銆?銆?涓?璇繪暟鏃跺簲鍋氬埌鈥滀袱鐪嬫竻鈥濆嵆鐪嬫竻鎺ョ嚎鏌變笂鏍囩殑閲忕▼錛岀湅娓呮瘡澶ф牸鐢墊祦鍊煎拰姣忓皬鏍肩數(shù)嫻佸?箋??
銆?銆?浜屼嬌鐢ㄦ椂瑙勫垯錛氫袱瑕併?佷袱涓?
銆?銆?鈶犵數(shù)嫻佽〃瑕佷覆鑱斿湪鐢?shù)璧\涓?錛?
銆?銆?鈶＄數(shù)嫻佽?佷粠鐢墊祦琛ㄧ殑姝ｆ帴綰挎煴嫻佸叆錛岃礋鎺ョ嚎鏌辨祦鍑猴紝鍚﹀垯鎸囬拡鍙嶅亸銆?
銆?銆?鈶㈣??嫻嬬數(shù)嫻佷笉瑕佽秴榪囩數(shù)嫻佽〃鐨勬渶澶ф祴閲忓?箋??
銆?銆?鍗卞?籌細(xì)琚?嫻嬬數(shù)嫻佽秴榪囩數(shù)嫻佽〃鐨勬渶澶ф祴閲忓?兼椂錛屼笉浠呮祴涓嶅嚭鐢墊祦鍊鹼紝鐢墊祦琛ㄧ殑鎸囬拡榪樹細(xì)琚?鎵撳集錛岀敋鑷寵〃琚?鐑у潖銆?
銆?銆?閫夋嫨閲忕▼錛氬疄楠屽?ょ敤鐢墊祦琛ㄦ湁涓や釜閲忕▼錛?0锝?0.6A鍜?0锝?3A銆傛祴閲忔椂錛屽厛閫夊ぇ閲忕▼錛岀敤寮?鍏寵瘯瑙︼紝鑻ヨ??嫻嬬數(shù)嫻佸湪0.6A锝?3A鍙?嫻嬮噺錛岃嫢琚?嫻嬬數(shù)嫻佸皬浜?0.6A錛屽垯鎹㈢敤灝忕殑閲忕▼錛岃嫢琚?嫻嬬數(shù)嫻佸ぇ浜?3A鍒欐崲鐢ㄦ洿澶ч噺紼嬬殑鐢墊祦琛ㄣ??
銆?銆?鈶ｇ粷瀵逛笉鍏佽?鎬笉緇忕敤鐢?shù)鍣ㄧ洿鎺ユ妸鐢?shù)嫻佽〃榪炲埌鐢墊簮涓ゆ瀬涓婏紝鍘熷洜鐢墊祦琛ㄧ浉褰撲簬涓?鏍瑰?肩嚎銆?
鍏?騫寸駭鐗╃悊(涓?)澶嶄範(fàn)姒傝??
絎?涓?閮ㄥ垎錛氬熀鏈?鐭ヨ瘑鐐?
絎?涓冪珷 鍔? 絎?鍏?绔? 鍔涗笌榪愬姩 絎?涔?jié)绔?鍘嬪己
絎?鍗佺珷 娑蹭綋鐨勫姏鐜拌薄 絎?鍗佷竴绔? 鍔熶笌鏈烘?? 絎?鍗佷簩绔? 鏈烘?拌兘
絎?涓冪珷 鍔?
涓?銆佸姏錛氬姏鏄?鐗╀綋瀵圭墿浣撶殑浣滅敤.鏈夆?滃姏鈥濆氨涓?瀹氭秹鍙?qiáng)鍒颁袱涓墿浣?
鐗╀綋闂村姏鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ槸鐩鎬簰鐨?. 涓?涓?鐗╀綋瀵瑰埆鐨勭墿浣撴柦鍔涙椂,涔熷悓鏃跺彈鍒板悗鑰呭?瑰畠鐨勫姏.
2銆佸姏鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ晥鏋滐細(xì)鍔涘彲浠ユ敼鍙樼墿浣撶殑榪愬姩鐘舵??,榪樺彲浠ユ敼鍙樼墿浣撶殑褰㈢姸.
鐗╀綋榪愬姩鐘舵?佸彉鍖栨寚榪愬姩蹇?鎱㈡垨榪愬姩鏂瑰悜鐨勫彉鍖?.榪愬姩蹇?鎱㈡寚鐢卞姩鍒伴潤銆侀潤鍒板姩銆佸揩鍒版參銆佹參鍒板揩錛涜繍鍔ㄦ柟鍚戞寚鐢辯洿綰垮埌鏇茬嚎銆佺敱鏇茬嚎鍒扮洿綰跨瓑錛?
鐗╀綋褰㈠彉鎸囦幾闀褲?佺緝鐭?銆佸集鏇層?佹壄杞?絳?.
3銆佸姏鐨勫崟浣嶆槸錛氱墰欏?(N),1N澶х害鏄?浣犳嬁璧蜂袱涓?楦¤泲鎵?鐢ㄧ殑鍔?.
4銆佸姏鐨勪笁瑕佺礌鏄?錛氬姏鐨勫ぇ灝忋?佹柟鍚戙?佷綔鐢ㄧ偣錛涘畠浠?閮借兘褰卞搷鍔涚殑浣滅敤鏁堟灉.
5銆佸姏鐨勫浘紺猴細(xì)鐢ㄤ竴鏉″甫綆?澶寸殑綰挎?佃〃紺哄姏,綰挎?電殑闀垮害琛ㄧず鍔涚殑澶у皬,綰挎?電殑璧風(fēng)偣鍜岀粓鐐硅〃紺哄姏鐨勪綔鐢ㄧ偣,綆?澶磋〃紺哄姏鐨勬柟鍚?,蹇呴』鐢誨湪綰挎?電殑鏈?绔?.
鍔涚殑紺烘剰鍥撅細(xì)鍙?鐢諱竴涓?闀垮害閫傚綋,娌垮姏鐨勬柟鍚戝甫綆?澶寸殑綰挎?墊潵琛ㄧず鍔涘氨鍙?浠ヤ簡.
浜屻?佸脊鍔? 寮圭哀嫻嬪姏璁?
1銆佸脊鎬э細(xì)鐗╀綋鍙楀姏鍙戠敓褰㈠彉,涓嶅彈鍔涙椂鍙堟仮澶嶅埌鍘熸潵鐨勫艦鐘?,鐗╀綋鐨勮繖縐嶆?ц川鍙?寮規(guī)??.
2銆佸脊鍔涳細(xì)鐗╀綋鐢變簬鍙戠敓寮規(guī)?у艦鍙樿?屼駭鐢熺殑鍔?.
3銆佸脊綈ф祴鍔涜?★細(xì)
1錛夊師鐞嗭細(xì)鍦ㄥ脊鎬ч檺搴﹀唴,寮圭哀鏀跺彈鍒扮殑鎷夊姏瓚婂ぇ,瀹冪殑浼擱暱灝辮秺闀?.錛堝湪寮規(guī)?ч檺搴﹀唴,寮圭哀鐨勪幾闀胯窡鍙楀埌鐨勬媺鍔涙垚姝ｆ瘮錛?
2錛変嬌鐢?錛?
(1)璁ゆ竻鍒嗗害鍊煎拰閲忕▼錛?
(2)瑕佹??鏌ユ寚閽堟槸鍚︽寚鍦ㄩ浂鍒誨害,濡傛灉涓嶆槸,鍒欒?佽皟闆訛紱
(3)杞繪媺縐ら挬鍑犳??,鐪嬫瘡嬈℃澗鎵嬪悗,鎸囬拡鏄?鍚﹀洖鍒伴浂鍒誨害錛?
(4)嫻嬮噺鏃跺姏瑕佹部鐫?寮圭哀鐨勮醬綰挎柟鍚?,嫻嬮噺鍔涙椂涓嶈兘瓚呰繃寮圭哀縐ょ殑閲忕▼.
涓夈?侀噸鍔?
1銆佷竾鏈夊紩鍔涳細(xì)瀹囧畽闂翠換浣曚袱涓?鐗╀綋,澶у埌澶╀綋,灝忓埌鐏板皹涔嬮棿,閮藉瓨鍦ㄤ簰鐩稿惛寮曠殑鍔?.
2銆侀噸鍔涳細(xì)鐢變簬鍦扮悆鐨勫惛寮曡?屼嬌鐗╀綋鍙楀埌鐨勫姏.
1錛夐噸鍔涚殑澶у皬鍙?閲嶉噺,鐗╀綋鍙楀埌鐨勯噸鍔涜窡瀹冪殑璐ㄩ噺鎴愭?ｆ瘮.G=mg.
2錛夐噸鍔涚殑鏂瑰悜錛氱珫鐩村悜涓嬶紙鎸囧悜鍦板績錛?.
3錛夐噸鍔涚殑浣滅敤鐐癸紙閲嶅績錛夛細(xì)鍦扮悆鍚稿紩鐗╀綋鐨勬瘡涓?涓?閮ㄥ垎,浣嗘槸,瀵逛簬鏁翠釜鐗╀綋,閲嶅姏鐨勪綔鐢ㄥソ鍍忎綔鐢ㄥ湪涓?涓?鐐?,榪欎釜鐐瑰彨閲嶅績.錛堝艦鐘惰?勫垯銆佽川鍦板潎鍖?鐨勭墿浣撶殑閲嶅績鍦ㄥ畠鐨勫嚑浣曚腑蹇冿級
鍥涖?佹懇鎿﹀姏
1銆佹懇鎿﹀姏錛氫袱涓?浜掔浉鎺ヨЕ鐨勭墿浣?,褰撳畠浠?鍋氱浉瀵硅繍鍔?錛堟垨鏈夌浉瀵硅繍鍔ㄧ殑瓚嬪娍嬋?鎵嬮?栵級鏃?,灝變細(xì)鍦ㄦ帴瑙﹂潰澶勪駭鐢熶竴縐嶉樆紕嶇浉瀵硅繍鍔ㄧ殑鍔?,榪欑?嶅姏灝卞彨鎽╂摝鍔?.
2銆佹懇鎿﹀姏鐨勬柟鍚戯細(xì)鍜岀墿浣撶浉瀵硅繍鍔ㄧ殑鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽.
3銆佸喅瀹氭粦鍔ㄦ懇鎿﹀姏澶у皬鐨勫洜绱狅細(xì)
1錛夊帇鍔涳紙鍘嬪姏瓚婂ぇ,鎽╂摝鍔涜秺澶э級錛?
2錛夋帴瑙﹂潰鐨勭矖緋欑▼搴︼紙鎺ヨЕ闈㈣秺綺楃硻,鎽╂摝鍔涜秺澶э級.
4銆佹懇鎿︾殑鍒嗙被錛?
1錛夐潤鎽╂摝錛氭湁鐩稿?硅繍鍔ㄧ殑瓚嬪娍,娌℃湁鍙戠敓鐩稿?圭殑榪愭槑鏁板姩.
2錛夊姩鎽╂摝錛?
錛?1錛夋粦鍔ㄦ懇鎿︼細(xì)涓?涓?鐗╀綋鍦ㄥ彟涓?涓?鐗╀綋鐨勮〃闈?涓婃粦鍔ㄦ椂浜х敓鐨勬懇鎿︼紱
錛?2錛夋粴鍔ㄦ懇鎿︼細(xì)杞?鐘舵垨鐞冪姸鐗╀綋婊氬姩鏃朵駭鐢熺殑鎽╂摝,閫氬父鎯呭喌涓?,婊氬姩鎽╂摝姣旀粦鍔ㄦ懇鎿﹀皬.
5銆佸?炲ぇ鎽╂摝鍔涙柟娉曪細(xì)浣挎帴瑙﹂潰綺楃硻浜涘拰澧炲ぇ鍘嬪姏.
6銆佸噺灝忔湁瀹蟲懇鎿︽柟娉曪細(xì)
1) 浣挎帴瑙﹂潰鍏夋粦錛?
2錛夊噺灝忓帇鍔涳紱
3)鐢ㄦ粴鍔ㄤ唬鏇挎粦鍔?錛?
4)浣挎帴瑙﹂潰鍒嗗紑錛堝姞娑︽粦娌廣?佸艦鎴愭皵鍨?錛?.
絎?鍏?绔? 鍔涗笌榪愬姩
涓?銆佸姏鐨勫悎鎴?
1銆佷竴涓?鍔涘?圭墿浣撶殑浣滅敤涓庡嚑涓?鍔涘悓鏃跺?圭墿浣撶殑浣滅敤,濡傛灉浜х敓鐨勬晥鏋滅浉鍚?,榪欎釜鍔涘氨鍙?鍋氶偅鍑犱釜鍔涚殑鍚堝姏.閭ｅ嚑涓?鍔涘氨鍙?鍋氳繖鍑犱釜鍔涚殑鍒嗗姏.
2銆佸姏鐨勫悎鎴愶細(xì)宸茬煡鍒嗗姏姹傚悎鍔?.鍗崇敤絳夋晥娉曟眰鍑轟笌鍑犱釜鍒嗗姏鏁堟灉鐩稿悓鐨勯偅涓?鍚堝姏鐨勫ぇ灝?.
3銆佸悓涓?鐩寸嚎涓婁簩鍔涚殑鍚堟垚
1錛夊悓鍚戯細(xì)娌垮徃涓?鐩寸嚎鐨勪袱涓?鏂瑰悜鐩稿悓鐨勫姏鐨勫悎鍔?,鍏跺ぇ灝忕瓑浜庤繖涓や釜鍔涚殑澶у皬涔嬪拰.鍏舵柟鍚戣窡榪欎袱涓?鍔涚殑鏂瑰悜鐩稿悓.琛ㄨ揪钖?宀╁紡錛欶鍚?=F1+F2
2錛夊弽鍚戯細(xì)娌垮徃涓?鐩寸嚎鐨勪袱涓?鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽鐨勫姏鐨勫悎鍔?,鍏跺ぇ灝忕瓑浜庤繖涓や釜鍔涚殑澶у皬涔嬪樊.鍏舵柟鍚戜笌榪欎袱涓?涓?杈冨ぇ鐨勫姏鐨勬柟鍚戠浉鍚?.琛ㄨ揪寮忥細(xì)F鍚?=F1-F2 (鍋囪?綟1>F2)
4銆佹敞鎰忔湁鏃惰?佹眰浣溾?滃悎鍔涒?濈殑鍥劇ず,澶у?朵笉鎶婂悎鍔涘浘紺洪敊鐢繪垚鍒嗗姏鐨勫浘紺?!
浜屻?佺墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥
1銆佸嚑縐嶈?傜偣錛?
浜氶噷澹?澶氬痙瑙傜偣錛氱墿浣撹繍鍔ㄩ渶瑕佸姏鏉ョ淮鎸?.
浼藉埄鐣ヨ?傜偣錛氱墿浣撶殑榪愬姩涓嶉』瑕佸姏鏉ョ淮鎸?,榪愬姩涔嬫墍浠ュ仠涓嬫潵,鏄?鍥犱負(fù)鍙楀埌浜嗛樆鍔涗綔鐢?.
2銆佺墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥錛氫竴鍒囩墿浣撳湪娌℃湁鏀跺埌鍔涚殑浣滅敤鏃?,鎬諱繚鎸侀潤姝㈢姸鎬佹垨鍖?閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬?.錛堢墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥鏄?鍦ㄧ粡楠屼簨瀹炵殑鍩虹??涓?,閫氳繃榪涗竴姝ョ殑鎺ㄧ悊鑰屾?傛嫭鍑烘潵鐨?,鍥犺?屼笉鑳界敤瀹為獙鏉ヨ瘉鏄庤繖涓?瀹氬緥錛?.
3銆佹儻鎬э細(xì)鐗╀綋淇濇寔榪愬姩鐘舵?佷笉鍙樼殑鎬ц川鍙?鎯?鎬?.
涓?鍒囩墿浣撳湪浠諱綍鎯呭喌涓嬮兘鏈夋儻鎬э紱鎯?鎬х殑澶у皬鍙?涓庤川閲忔湁鍏?.
鐗涢】絎?涓?瀹氬緥涔熷彨鍋氭儻鎬у畾寰?.
涓夈?佷簩鍔涘鉤琛?
1銆佸鉤琛″姏錛氱墿浣撳湪鍔涚殑浣滅敤涓嬪?勪簬闈欐?㈢姸鎬佹垨鍖?閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬?,鏄?鍥犱負(fù)鐗╀綋鍙楀埌鐨勬槸騫寵鍔?.
2銆佷簩鍔涘鉤琛★細(xì)鐗╀綋鍙楀埌涓や釜鍔涗綔鐢ㄦ椂,濡傛灉淇濇寔闈欐?㈢姸鎬佹垨鍖?閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬?,鎴戜滑灝辮?磋繖涓や釜鍔涘鉤琛?.
3銆佷簩鍔涘鉤琛＄殑鏉′歡錛氫綔鐢ㄥ湪鍚屼竴鐗╀綋涓婄殑涓や釜鍔?,濡傛灉澶у皬鐩哥瓑銆佹柟鍚戠浉鍙嶃?佸茍涓斿湪鍚屼竴鐩寸嚎涓?,榪欎袱涓?鍔涘氨褰兼?ゅ鉤琛?. 錛堜簩鍔涘鉤琛℃椂鍚堝姏涓洪浂錛?.
鐗╀綋鍦ㄤ笉鍙楀姏鎴栧彈鍒板鉤琛″姏浣滅敤涓嬮兘浼?xì)淇濇寔闈欐鐘舵€佹垨鍖?閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬?.
絎?涔?jié)绔?鍘嬪己
涓?銆佸帇寮?
1銆佸帇鍔涳細(xì)鍨傜洿鍘嬪湪鐗╀綋琛ㄩ潰鐨勫姏
錛?1錛夋湁鐨勫拰閲嶅姏鏈夊叧錛涘?傦細(xì)姘村鉤闈?錛欶=G
錛?2錛夋湁鐨勫拰閲嶅姏鏃犲叧.
2銆佸帇鍔涚殑浣滅敤鏁堟灉錛氾紙瀹為獙閲囩敤鎺у埗鍙橀噺娉曪級璺熷帇鍔涖?佸彈鍔涢潰縐?鐨勫ぇ灝忔湁鍏?.
3銆佸帇寮猴細(xì)鐗╀綋鍗曚綅闈㈢Н涓婂彈鍒扮殑鍘嬪姏鍙?鍘嬪己.
4銆佸帇寮哄叕寮忥細(xì)p=F/S,寮忎腑p鍗曚綅鏄?錛歅a,鍘嬪姏F鍗曚綅鏄?錛歂
5銆佸?炲ぇ鍘嬪己鏂規(guī)硶錛?
(1)S涓嶅彉,F澧炲ぇ錛?
(2)F涓嶅彉,S鍑忓皬錛?
(3)鍚屾椂鎶奆澧炲ぇ,S鍑忓皬.鍑忓皬鍘嬪己鏂規(guī)硶鍒欑浉鍙?.
浜屻?佹恫浣撶殑鍘嬪己
1銆佹恫浣撳帇寮轟駭鐢熺殑鍘熷洜錛氭槸鐢變簬娑蹭綋鍙楀埌閲嶅姏,娑蹭綋鍏鋒湁嫻佸姩鎬?.
2銆佹恫浣撳帇寮虹壒鐐癸細(xì)(鐢ㄦ潵媯?楠屾恫浣撳帇寮鴻?勫緥鐨勫櫒鏉愶細(xì)寰?灝忓帇寮鴻??)
(1)娑蹭綋瀵瑰?瑰櫒搴曞拰澹侀兘鏈夊帇寮?,
(2)娑蹭綋鍐呴儴鍚戝悇涓?鏂瑰悜閮芥湁鍘嬪己錛?
(3)娑蹭綋鐨勫帇寮洪殢娣卞害澧炲姞鑰屽?炲ぇ,鍦ㄥ悓涓?娣卞害,娑蹭綋鍚戝悇涓?鏂瑰悜鐨勫帇寮虹浉絳夛紱
(4)涓嶅悓娑蹭綋鐨勫帇寮鴻繕璺熷瘑搴︽湁鍏崇郴.
3銆佹恫浣撳帇寮鴻?＄畻錛歅=蟻gh 錛埾佹槸娑蹭綋瀵嗗害,鍗曚綅鏄痥g/m3錛沢=9.8N/kg錛沨鏄?娣卞害,鎸囨恫浣撹嚜鐢辨恫闈㈠埌娑蹭綋鍐呴儴鏌愮偣鐨勭珫鐩磋窛紱?,鍗曚綅鏄痬.錛?
鎹?娑蹭綋鍘嬪己鍏?寮忥細(xì)P=蟻gh ,娑蹭綋鐨勫帇寮轟笌娑蹭綋鐨勫瘑搴﹀拰娣卞害鏈夊叧,鑰屼笌娑蹭綋鐨勪綋縐?鍜岃川閲忕瓑鏃犲叧.
4銆佽繛閫氬櫒錛氫笂绔?寮?鍙ｃ?佷笅閮ㄧ浉榪為?氱殑瀹瑰櫒.
5銆佽繛閫氬櫒鍘熺悊錛氳繛閫氬櫒濡傛灉鍙?瑁呬竴縐嶆恫浣?,鍦ㄦ恫浣撲笉嫻佸姩鏃?,鍚勫?瑰櫒涓?鐨勬恫闈㈡?諱繚鎸佺浉騫?.
6銆佽繛閫氬櫒鐨勫簲鐢?錛氳埞闂搞?併?侀攨鐐夋按浣嶈?°?佽尪澹躲?佷笅姘寸?￠亾.
涓夈?佸ぇ姘斿帇寮?
1銆佽瘉鏄庡ぇ姘斿帇寮哄瓨鍦ㄧ殑瀹為獙鏄?椹?寰峰牎鍗婄悆瀹為獙.
2銆佸ぇ姘斿帇寮轟駭鐢熺殑鍘熷洜錛氱┖姘斿彈鍒伴噸鍔涗綔鐢?,鍏鋒湁嫻佸姩鎬ц?屼駭鐢熺殑,
3銆佹祴瀹氬ぇ姘斿帇寮哄?肩殑瀹為獙鏄?錛?
1錛夋墭閲屾媶鍒╁疄楠岋紙鏈?鍏堟祴鍑猴級錛氬疄楠屼腑鐜葷拑綆′笂鏂規(guī)槸鐪熺┖,綆″?栨按閾墮潰鐨勪笂鏂規(guī)槸澶ф皵,鏄?澶ф皵鍘嬫敮鎸佺?″唴榪欐?墊按閾舵煴涓嶈惤涓?,澶ф皵鍘嬬殑鏁板?肩瓑浜庤繖孌墊按閾舵煴浜х敓鐨勫帇寮?.
2錛夎?懼爞瀹為獙錛氱敤鍚哥洏?gòu)箣澶ф皵鍘嬪Q氾紙鍘熺悊錛氫簩鍔涘鉤琛?F=澶ф皵鍘媝=F/s錛?
4銆佹祴瀹氬ぇ姘斿帇鐨勪華鍣ㄦ槸錛氭皵鍘嬭??.甯歌?佹皵鍘嬭?℃湁姘撮摱姘斿帇璁″拰鏃犳恫錛堥噾灞炵洅錛夋皵鍘嬭??.
5銆佹爣鍑嗗ぇ姘斿帇錛氭妸絳変簬760mm姘撮摱鏌辯殑澶ф皵鍘?.1鏍囧噯澶ф皵鍘?=760mm姹炴煴=1.013脳105Pa.
6銆佸ぇ姘斿帇鐨勫彉鍖栵細(xì)
1) 鍜岄珮搴︺?佸ぉ姘旂瓑鏈夊叧錛涘ぇ姘斿帇寮洪殢楂樺害鐨勫?炲ぇ鑰屽噺灝忥紱
2) 鍦ㄦ搗鎷?3000m浠ュ唴,澶х害姣忓崌楂?10m,澶ф皵鍘嬪噺灝?100Pa.
7銆佹哺鐐逛笌姘斿帇鍏崇郴錛氫竴鍒囨恫浣撶殑娌哥偣,閮芥槸姘斿帇鍑忓皬鏃墮檷浣?,姘斿帇澧炲ぇ鏃跺崌楂?.
8銆佸簲鐢?錛氭娊姘存満鏄?鍒╃敤澶ф皵鍘嬫妸姘翠粠浣庡?勬娊鍒伴珮澶勭殑.鍦?1鏍囧噯澶ф皵鍘嬩笅,鑳芥敮鎸佹按鏌辯殑楂樺害綰?10.3m楂?.
絎?鍗佺珷 娑蹭綋鐨勫姏鐜拌薄
涓?銆佹祦浣撳帇寮轟笌嫻侀?熺殑鍏崇郴
1銆佸湪姘斾綋鍜屾恫浣撲腑,嫻侀?熻秺澶х殑浣嶇疆鍘嬪己瓚婂皬.
2銆侀?炴満鐨勫崌鍔涳細(xì)椋炴満鍓嶈繘鏃?,鐢變簬鏈虹考涓婁笅涓嶅?圭О,鏈虹考涓婃柟絀烘皵嫻侀?熷ぇ,鍘嬪己杈冨皬,涓嬫柟嫻侀?熷皬,鍘嬪己杈冨ぇ,鏈虹考涓婁笅琛ㄩ潰瀛樺湪鍘嬪己宸?,榪欏氨浜х敓浜嗗悜涓婄殑鍗囧姏.
浜屻?佹誕鍔?
1銆佹誕鍔涳細(xì)嫻稿湪娑蹭綋鎴栨皵浣撻噷鐨勭墿浣?,閮藉彈鍒版恫浣撴垨姘斾綋瀵瑰畠绔栫洿鍚戜笂鐨勫姏,榪欎釜鍔涘彨嫻?鍔?.
2銆佹誕鍔涗駭鐢熺殑鍘熷洜錛氭蹈鍦ㄦ恫浣撲腑鐨勭墿浣撳彈鍒版恫浣撳?瑰畠鐨勫悜涓婂拰鍚戜笅鐨勫帇鍔涘樊.
3銆佹誕鍔涙柟鍚戞?繪槸绔栫洿鍚戜笂鐨?.
4銆佺墿浣撴矇嫻?鏉′歡錛氾紙寮?濮嬫槸嫻告病鍦ㄦ恫浣撲腑錛?
鏂規(guī)硶涓?錛氭瘮杈冩誕鍔涗笌鐗╀綋閲嶅姏澶у皬鐨勫叧緋?
(1) F嫻瓽 涓婃誕錛堟渶鍚庢紓嫻?,姝ゆ椂F嫻?=G錛?
(3) F嫻?=G 鎮(zhèn)?嫻?鎴栨紓嫻?
鏂規(guī)硶浜岋細(xì)姣旇緝鐗╀綋鐨勫瘑搴︿笌娑蹭綋鐨勫瘑搴﹀ぇ灝忕殑鍏崇郴
(1) 蟻鐗?>蟻娑? 涓嬫矇錛?
(2) 蟻鐗㎜2 鐪佸姏 璐癸紙鍔ㄥ姏錛夎窛紱? 閽?涓濋挸銆佹澘鎵?
璐瑰姏鏉犳潌 L1
鍒濅腑鐗╃悊鐨勯毦搴︾浉瀵規(guī)笚锠㈤珮涓?瑕佸皬寰堝?氾紝瀛︾敓搴旇?ユ敞鎰忔墦濂界墿鐞嗗熀紜?錛屼笅闈㈡垜涓哄ぇ瀹舵?葷粨浜嗗叓騫寸駭涓嬪唽 鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑鐐? 錛屼粎渚涘ぇ瀹跺弬鑰冦??
鍏?騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐗╃悊鍔涚煡璇嗙偣
1銆佸姏鐨勬?傚康錛氬姏鏄?鐗╀綋瀵圭墿浣撶殑浣滅敤銆?
2銆佸姏鐨勫崟浣嶏細(xì)鐗涢】錛岀畝縐扮墰錛岀敤N 琛ㄧず銆傚姏鐨勬劅鎬ц?よ瘑錛氭嬁涓や釜楦¤泲鎵?鐢ㄧ殑鍔涘ぇ綰?1N銆?
3銆佸姏鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ晥鏋滐細(xì)鍔涘彲浠ユ敼鍙樼墿浣撶殑褰㈢姸錛屽姏鍙?浠ユ敼鍙樼墿浣撶殑榪愬姩鐘舵?併??
璇存槑錛氱墿浣撶殑榪愬姩鐘舵?佹槸鍚︽敼鍙樹竴鑸?鎸囷細(xì)鐗╀綋鐨勮繍鍔ㄥ揩鎱㈡槸鍚︽敼鍙?(閫熷害澶у皬鐨勬敼鍙?)鍜岀墿浣撶殑榪愬姩鏂瑰悜鏄?鍚︽敼鍙?
4銆佸姏鐨勪笁瑕佺礌錛氬姏鐨勫ぇ灝忋?佹柟鍚戙?佸拰浣滅敤鐐?; 瀹冧滑閮借兘褰卞搷鍔涚殑浣滅敤鏁堟灉 銆?
5銆佸姏鐨勭ず鎰忓浘錛氱敤涓?鏍瑰甫綆?澶寸殑綰挎?墊妸鍔涚殑澶у皬銆佹柟鍚戙?佷綔鐢ㄧ偣琛ㄧず鍑烘潵,
濡傛灉娌℃湁澶у皬,鍙?涓嶈〃紺?,鍦ㄥ悓涓?涓?鍥句腑,鍔涜秺澶?,綰挎?墊?愬枈鏁忓簲瓚婇暱
6銆佸姏浜х敓鐨勬潯浠訛細(xì)鈶犲繀欏繪湁涓や釜鎴栦袱涓?浠ヤ笂鐨勭墿浣撱?傗憽鐗╀綋闂村繀欏繪湁鐩鎬簰浣滅敤(鍙?浠ヤ笉鎺ヨЕ)銆?
鐗╃悊閲嶇偣鐭ヨ瘑鐐規(guī)⒊鐞?
鐗涢】絎?涓?瀹氬緥錛? 涓?鍒囩墿浣撳湪娌℃湁鍙楀埌鍔涚殑浣滅敤鐨勬椂鍊欙紝 鎬諱繚鎸侀潤姝㈢姸鎬佹垨鍖?閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬併??
(1) 鐗涢】絎?涓?瀹氬緥鏄?鍦ㄥぇ閲? 瀹為獙 鐨勫熀紜?涓婇搮鏋濓紝閫氳繃榪涗竴姝? 鎺ㄧ悊鑰屾?傛嫭 鍑烘潵鐨?
(2) 鍥犱負(fù)涓嶅彈鍔涗笉瀛樺湪錛屾墍浠ュ湪瀹為檯涓?鍗充負(fù) F 鍚?=0錛屽皢淇濇寔鍘熸潵鐨勮繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬併??
(3) 鐗涗竴璇存槑浜嗗姏鏄?鏀瑰彉鐗╀綋榪愬姩鐘舵?佺殑鍘熷洜錛岃?岄潪鍔涙槸緇存寔鐗╀綋榪愬姩鐘舵?佺殑鍘熷洜銆?
鎯?鎬э細(xì) 鐗╀綋淇濇寔榪愬姩鐘舵?佷笉鍙樼殑鎬ц川鍙?鎯?鎬? 銆?
娉?錛?(1)鎯?鎬ф槸鐗╀綋鐨勪竴縐嶅睘鎬с?備竴鍒囩墿浣撳湪浠諱綍鎯呭喌涓嬮兘鏈夋儻鎬?;
(2)鎯?鎬уぇ灝忓彧涓庣墿浣撶殑 m鏈夊叧錛屼笌鐗╀綋 鏄?鍚﹀彈鍔涖?佸彈鍔涘ぇ灝忋?佹槸鍚﹁繍鍔ㄣ?佽繍鍔ㄩ?熷害 絳夋棤鍏熾??
(3) 鎯?鎬т笉鏄?鍔涳紝鎵?浠ヤ笉鑳借?存儻鎬у姏錛屽彈鍒版儻鎬т綔鐢?錛屽湪鎯?鎬х殑浣滅敤涓嬨?傚簲璇ヨ?? 鐢變簬鎯?鎬ф垨鑰? 鍏鋒湁鎯?鎬?
鍏?騫寸駭鐗╃悊閲嶇偣鐭ヨ瘑鐐規(guī)?葷粨
娑蹭綋鍘嬪己鐨勮?勫緥錛氣懘娑蹭綋瀵瑰?瑰櫒搴曞拰嫻嬪?侀兘鏈夊帇寮猴紝娑蹭綋鍐呴儴鍚戝悇涓?鏂瑰悜閮芥湁鍘嬪己;
鈶靛湪鍚屼竴娣卞害錛屾恫浣撳悜鍚勪釜鏂瑰悜鐨勫帇寮洪兘鐩哥瓑;
鈶? 娑蹭綋鐨勫帇寮洪殢娣卞害鐨勫?炲姞鑰屽?炲ぇ;
鈶? 涓嶅悓娑蹭綋鐨勫帇寮轟笌娑蹭綋鐨勫瘑搴︽湁鍏熾??
甯曟柉鍗″師鐞嗭細(xì)鍔犲湪瀵嗛棴娑蹭綋涓婄殑鍘嬪己錛岃兘澶熷ぇ灝忎笉鍙樺湴琚?娑蹭綋鎯沖悇涓?鏂瑰悜浼犻?掋?傚?傛苯杞︽恫鍘嬪崈鏂ら《銆佹苯杞︽恫鍘嬪埞杞︾郴緇熴?侀摬杞﹂兘鏄?娑插帇鎶?鏈?鐨勫簲鐢ㄣ?? (閫傜敤浜庨潤姝㈢殑娑蹭綋鍜屾俯搴︺?佷綋縐?涓嶅彂鐢熷彉鍖栫殑闈欐?㈡皵浣?) 娑插帇鎶?鏈?鑳藉湪鏃犲櫔闊崇殑鎯呭喌涓嬫妸鍔涙斁澶э紝 鍏舵斁澶х殑鍊嶆暟鐢辨椿濉為潰縐?鐨勫?嶆暟鍐沖畾銆?
鍏?寮忎負(fù) F1/S 1=F2/S 2錛屽嵆 F2= S2/S 1 脳 F 1
浠ヤ笂灝辨槸鎴戜負(fù)澶у?舵?葷粨鐨? 鍏?騫寸駭 涓嬪唽鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑鐐癸紝浠呬緵鍙傝?冿紝甯屾湜瀵瑰ぇ瀹舵湁鎵?甯?鍔┿??
銆?銆?鏂扮増浜烘暀鐗? 鍏?騫寸駭 鐗╃悊涓嬪唽鐨勭煡璇嗙偣寰堝?氾紝鎬庝箞鎬葷粨鍛?錛熶笅闈㈡槸鎴戜負(fù)澶у?剁簿蹇冩帹鑽愮殑鏂扮増浜烘暀鐗堝叓騫寸駭鐗╃悊涓嬪唽鐭ヨ瘑鐐圭殑鎬葷粨錛屽笇鏈涜兘澶熷?規(guī)偍鏈夋墍甯?鍔┿??
銆?銆?鏂扮増浜烘暀鐗堢墿鐞嗗叓騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐭ヨ瘑鐐規(guī)?葷粨錛氱??7-8绔?銆?銆?絎?涓冪珷銆婂姏銆嬪?嶄範(fàn)
銆?銆?絎?涓?鑺傚姏
銆?銆?1銆佸姏鐨勬?傚康錛氬姏鏄?鐗╀綋瀵圭墿浣撶殑浣滅敤銆?
銆?銆?2銆佸姏浜х敓鐨勬潯浠訛細(xì)鈶犲繀欏繪湁涓や釜鐗╀綋銆傗憽鐗╀綋闂村繀欏繪湁鐩鎬簰浣滅敤(鍙?浠ヤ笉鎺ヨЕ)銆?
銆?銆?3銆佸姏鐨勬?ц川錛氱墿浣撻棿鍔涚殑浣滅敤鏄?鐩鎬簰鐨?(鐩鎬簰浣滅敤鍔涘湪浠諱綍鎯呭喌涓嬮兘鏄?澶у皬鐩哥瓑錛屾柟鍚戠浉鍙嶏紝浣滅敤鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀墿浣撲笂)銆備袱鐗╀綋鐩鎬簰浣滅敤鏃訛紝鏂藉姏鐗╀綋鍚屾椂涔熸槸鍙楀姏鐗╀綋錛屽弽涔嬶紝鍙楀姏鐗╀綋鍚屾椂涔熸槸鏂藉姏鐗╀綋銆?
銆?銆?4銆佸姏鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ晥鏋滐細(xì)鍔涘彲浠ユ敼鍙樼墿浣撶殑榪愬姩鐘舵?併?傚姏鍙?浠ユ敼鍙樼墿浣撶殑褰㈢姸銆?
銆?銆?璇存槑錛氱墿浣撴棌浜╃殑榪愬姩鐘舵?佹槸鍚︽敼鍙樹竴鑸?鎸囷細(xì)鐗╀綋鐨勮繍鍔ㄥ揩鎱㈡槸鍚︽敼鍙?(閫熷害澶у皬鐨勬敼鍙?)鍜岀墿浣撶殑榪愬姩鏂瑰悜鏄?鍚︽敼鍙樸?傚綋鐗╀綋鍙戠敓褰㈠彉鎴栬繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬佹敼鍙樻椂錛屽彲浠ュ垽鏂?鍙楀埌浜嗗姏鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ??
銆?銆?5銆佸姏鐨勫崟浣嶏細(xì)鍥介檯鍗曚綅鍒朵腑鍔涚殑鍗曚綅鏄?鐗涢】綆?縐扮墰錛岀敤N 琛ㄧず銆?
銆?銆?鍔涚殑鎰熸?ц?よ瘑錛氭嬁涓や釜楦¤泲鎵?鐢ㄧ殑鍔涘ぇ綰?1N銆?
銆?銆?6銆佸姏鐨勪笁瑕佺礌錛氬姏鐨勫ぇ灝忋?佹柟鍚戙?佸拰浣滅敤鐐廣??
銆?銆?7銆佸姏鐨勮〃紺烘硶錛? 鍔涚殑紺烘剰鍥撅細(xì)鐢ㄤ竴鏍瑰甫綆?澶寸殑綰挎?墊妸鍔涚殑澶у皬銆佹柟鍚戙?佷綔鐢ㄧ偣琛ㄧず鍑烘潵,濡傛灉娌℃湁澶у皬,鍙?涓嶈〃紺?,鍦ㄥ悓涓?涓?鍥句腑,鍔涜秺澶?,綰挎?靛簲瓚婇暱
銆?銆?浜屻?佸脊鍔?
銆?銆?1銆佸脊鎬?:鐗╀綋鍙楀姏鍙戠敓褰㈠彉錛屽け鍘誨姏鍙堟仮澶嶅埌鍘熸潵鐨勫艦鐘剁殑鎬ц川鍙?寮規(guī)?с??
銆?銆?2銆佸?戞??:鍦ㄥ彈鍔涙椂鍙戠敓褰㈠彉錛屽け鍘誨姏鏃朵笉鑳芥仮澶嶅師鏉ュ艦鐘剁殑鎬ц川鍙?濉戞?с??
銆?銆?3銆佸脊鍔?:鐗╀綋鐢變簬鍙戠敓寮規(guī)?у艦鍙樿?屽彈鍒扮殑鍔涘彨寮瑰姏,寮瑰姏鐨勫ぇ灝忎笌寮規(guī)?у艦鍙樼殑澶у皬鏈夊叧
銆?銆?4銆佸姏鐨勬祴閲忥細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶存祴鍔涜?★細(xì)嫻嬮噺鍔涚殑澶у皬鐨勫伐鍏楓??
銆?銆?鈶靛垎綾伙細(xì)寮圭哀嫻嬪姏璁°?佹彙鍔涜?°??
銆?銆?鈶跺脊綈ф祴鍔涜?★細(xì)
銆?銆?A銆佸師鐞嗭細(xì)鍦ㄥ脊鎬ч檺搴﹀唴錛屽脊綈х殑浼擱暱涓庢墍鍙楃殑鎷夊姏鎴愭?ｆ瘮銆?
銆?銆?B銆佷嬌鐢?鏂規(guī)硶錛?“鐪?”錛氶噺紼嬨?佸垎搴﹀?箋?佹寚閽堟槸鍚︽寚闆?;“璋?”錛氳皟闆?;“璇?”錛氳?繪暟=鎸傞挬鍙楀姏銆?
銆?銆?C銆佹敞鎰忎簨欏癸細(xì)鍔犲湪寮圭哀嫻嬪姏璁′笂鐨勫姏涓嶈?歌秴榪囧畠鐨勬渶澶ч噺紼嬨??
銆?銆?涓夈?侀噸鍔涳細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶撮噸鍔涚殑姒傚康錛氬湴闈㈤檮榪戠殑鐗╀綋錛岀敱浜庡湴鐞冪殑鍚稿紩鑰屽彈鐨勫姏鍙?閲嶅姏銆傞噸鍔涚殑鏂藉姏鐗╀綋鏄?錛氬湴鐞冦??1銆佺墿浣撳彈鍒扮殑閲嶅姏璺熷畠鐨勮川閲忔垚姝ｆ瘮銆?
銆?銆?2銆侀噸鍔涜窡璐ㄩ噺鐨勬瘮鍊兼槸涓?瀹氬?鹼紝涓?9.8N/Kg銆?
銆?銆?榪欎釜瀹氬?肩敤g琛ㄧず錛実= 9.8N/Kg
銆?銆?鈶甸噸鍔涘ぇ灝忕殑璁＄畻鍏?寮廏=mg 鍏朵腑g=9.8N/kg 瀹冭〃紺鴻川閲忎負(fù)1kg 鐨勭墿浣撴墍鍙楃殑閲嶅姏涓?9.8N銆?
銆?銆?鈶墮噸鍔涚殑鏂瑰悜錛氱珫鐩村悜涓? 鍏跺簲鐢ㄦ槸閲嶅瀭綰褲?佹按騫充華鍒嗗埆媯?鏌ュ?欐槸鍚︾珫鐩村拰 闈㈡槸鍚︽按騫熾??
銆?銆?鈶烽噸鍔涚殑浣滅敤鐐?——閲嶅績錛?
銆?銆?閲嶅姏鍦ㄧ墿浣撲笂鐨勪綔鐢ㄧ偣鍙?閲嶅績銆傝川鍦板潎鍖?澶栧艦瑙勫垯鐗╀綋鐨勯噸蹇冿紝鍦ㄥ畠鐨勫嚑浣曚腑蹇冧笂銆傚?傚潎鍖?緇嗘?掔殑閲嶅績鍦ㄥ畠鐨勪腑鐐癸紝鐞冪殑閲嶅績鍦ㄧ悆蹇冦?傛柟褰㈣杽鏈ㄦ澘鐨勯噸蹇冨湪涓ゆ潯瀵硅?掔嚎鐨勪氦鐐?
銆?銆?鈽嗗亣濡傚け鍘婚噸鍔涘皢浼?xì)鍑虹幇鐨勭幇璞″Q?(鍙?瑕佹眰鍐欏嚭涓ょ?嶅啿絀楁梾鐢熸椿涓?鍙?鑳藉彂鐢熺殑)
銆?銆?鈶? 鎶涘嚭鍘葷殑鐗╀綋涓嶄細(xì)涓嬭惤;鈶? 姘翠笉浼?xì)鐢遍珮?勫悜浣庡?勬祦鈶? 澶ф皵涓嶄細(xì)浜х敓鍘嬪己;
銆?銆?絎?鍏?绔犮?婅繍鍔ㄥ拰鍔涖?嬪?嶄範(fàn)
銆?銆?涓?銆佺墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥錛?
銆?銆?1銆佷冀鍒╃暐鏂滈潰瀹為獙錛?
銆?銆?鈶翠笁嬈″疄楠屽皬杞﹂兘浠庢枩闈㈤《绔?(鍚屼竴浣嶇疆)婊戜笅鐨勭洰鐨勬槸錛氫繚璇佸皬杞﹀紑濮嬫部鐫?騫抽潰榪愬姩鐨勯?熷害鐩稿悓銆?
銆?銆?鈶靛疄楠屽緱鍑哄緱緇撹?猴細(xì)鍦ㄥ悓鏍鋒潯浠朵笅錛屽鉤闈㈣秺鍏夋粦錛屽皬杞﹀墠榪涘湴璺濈?昏秺榪溿??
銆?銆?鈶朵冀鍒╃暐鐨勬帹璁烘槸錛氬湪鐞嗘兂鎯呭喌涓嬶紝濡傛灉琛ㄩ潰緇濆?瑰厜婊戯紝鐗╀綋灝嗕互鎭掑畾涓嶅彉鐨勯?熷害姘歌繙榪愬姩涓嬪幓銆?
銆?銆?鈶蜂冀縐戠暐鏂滈潰瀹為獙鐨勫崜瓚婁箣澶勪笉鏄?瀹為獙鏈?韜?錛岃?屾槸瀹為獙鎵?浣跨敤鐨勭嫭鐗規(guī)柟娉?——鍦ㄥ疄楠岀殑鍩虹??涓婏紝榪涜?岀悊鎯沖寲鎺ㄧ悊銆?(涔熺О浣滅悊鎯沖寲瀹為獙)瀹冩爣蹇楃潃鐗╃悊瀛︾殑鐪熸?ｅ紑绔?銆傛暎鍑?
銆?銆?2銆佺墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥錛?
銆?銆?鈶寸墰欏挎?葷粨浜嗕冀鍒╃暐絳変漢鐨勭爺絀舵垚鏋滐紝寰楀嚭浜嗙墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥錛屽叾鍐呭?規(guī)槸錛氫竴鍒囩墿浣撳湪娌℃湁鍙楀埌鍔涚殑浣滅敤鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鎬諱繚鎸侀潤姝㈢姸鎬佹垨鍖?閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬併??
銆?銆?鈶佃?存槑錛欰銆佺墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥鏄?鍦ㄥぇ閲?緇忛獙浜嬪疄鐨勫熀紜?涓婏紝閫氳繃榪涗竴姝ユ帹鐞嗚?屾?傛嫭 鍑烘潵鐨勶紝涓旂粡鍙椾綇浜嗗疄璺電殑媯?楠? 鎵?浠ュ凡鎴愪負(fù)澶у?跺叕璁ょ殑鍔涘?﹀熀鏈?瀹氬緥涔嬩竴銆備絾鏄? 鎴戜滑鍛ㄥ洿涓嶅彈鍔涙槸涓嶅彲鑳界殑錛屽洜姝や笉鍙?鑳界敤瀹為獙鏉ョ洿鎺ヨ瘉鏄庣墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥銆?
銆?銆?B銆佺墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥鐨勫唴娑碉細(xì)鐗╀綋涓嶅彈鍔涳紝鍘熸潵闈欐?㈢殑鐗╀綋灝嗕繚鎸侀潤姝㈢姸鎬?,鍘熸潵榪愬姩鐨勭墿浣?,涓嶇?″師鏉ュ仛浠?涔堣繍鍔?,鐗╀綋閮藉皢鍋氬寑閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔?. 鎸囦竴涓?鐗╀綋鍙?鑳藉?勪簬涓?縐嶇姸鎬侊紝鍒板簳澶勪簬鍝?縐嶇姸鎬侊紝鐢卞師鏉ョ殑鐘舵?佸喅瀹氾紝鍘熸潵闈欐?㈠氨淇濇寔闈欐??錛屽師鏉ヨ繍鍔ㄥ氨淇濇寔鍖?閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬?
銆?銆?C銆佺墰欏跨??涓?瀹氬緥鍛婅瘔鎴戜滑:鐗╀綋鍋氬寑閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄥ彲浠ヤ笉闇?瑕佸姏錛屽嵆鍔涗笌榪愬姩鐘舵?佹棤鍏籌紝鎵?浠ュ姏涓嶆槸緇存寔鐗╀綋榪愬姩鐨勫師鍥狅紝鑰屾槸鏀瑰彉鐗╀綋榪愬姩鐘舵?佺殑鍘熷洜銆傜墿浣撶殑榪愬姩涓嶉渶鍔涙潵緇存寔銆?
銆?銆?3銆佹儻鎬э細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶村畾涔夛細(xì)鐗╀綋淇濇寔榪愬姩鐘舵?佷笉鍙樼殑鎬ц川鍙?鎯?鎬с??
銆?銆?鈶佃?存槑錛氭儻鎬ф槸鐗╀綋鐨勪竴縐嶅睘鎬с?備竴鍒囩墿浣撳湪浠諱綍鎯呭喌涓嬮兘鏈夋儻鎬э紝鎯?鎬уぇ灝忓彧涓庣墿浣撶殑璐ㄩ噺鏈夊叧錛屼笌鐗╀綋鏄?鍚﹀彈鍔涖?佸彈鍔涘ぇ灝忋?佹槸鍚﹁繍鍔ㄣ?佽繍鍔ㄩ?熷害絳夌殕鏃犲叧銆?
銆?銆?4銆佹儻鎬т笌鎯?鎬у畾寰嬬殑鍖哄埆錛?
銆?銆?A銆佹儻鎬ф槸鐗╀綋鏈?韜?鐨勪竴縐嶅睘鎬э紝鑰屾儻鎬у畾寰嬫槸鐗╀綋涓嶅彈鍔涙椂閬靛驚鐨勮繍鍔ㄨ?勫緥銆?
銆?銆?B銆佷換浣曠墿浣撳湪浠諱綍鎯呭喌涓嬮兘鏈夋儻鎬?.
銆?銆?鈽嗕漢浠?鏈夋椂瑕佸埄鐢ㄦ儻鎬э紝鏈夋椂瑕侀槻姝㈡儻鎬у甫鏉ョ殑鍗卞?籌紝璇峰氨浠ヤ笂涓ょ偣鍚勪婦涓や緥(涓嶈?佹眰瑙ｉ噴)銆傜瓟錛氬埄鐢?錛?璺寵繙榪愬姩鍛樼殑鍔╄窇;鐢ㄥ姏鍙?浠ュ皢鐭沖ご鐢╁嚭寰堣繙;楠戣嚜琛岃濺韞?鍑犱笅鍚庡彲浠ヨ?╁畠婊戣?屻?傞槻姝?錛氬皬鍨嬪?㈣濺鍓嶆帓涔樺?㈣?佺郴瀹夊叏甯?;杞﹁締琛屼嬌瑕佷繚鎸佽窛紱?;鍖呰?呯幓鐠冨埗鍝佽?佸灚涓婂緢鍘氱殑娉℃搏濉戞枡銆?
銆?銆?瀵?“鎯?鎬?”鐨勭悊瑙ｉ渶娉ㄦ剰鐨勫湴鏂癸細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶?“涓?鍒囩墿浣?”鍖呮嫭鍙楀姏鎴栦笉鍙楀姏銆佽繍鍔ㄦ垨闈欐?㈢殑鎵?鏈夊浐浣撱?佹恫浣撴皵浣撱??
銆?銆?鈶℃儻鎬ф槸鐗╀綋鏈?韜?鎵?鍥烘湁鐨勪竴縐嶅睘鎬э紝涓嶆槸涓?縐嶅姏錛?
銆?銆?鎵?浠ヨ??“鐗╀綋鍙楀埌鎯?鎬?”鎴?“鐗╀綋鍙楀埌鎯?鎬у姏”絳夛紝閮芥槸閿欒??鐨勩??
銆?銆?鈶㈣?佹妸“鐗涢】絎?涓?瀹氬緥”鍜岀墿浣撶殑“鎯?鎬?”鍖哄埆寮?鏉ワ紝
銆?銆?鍓嶈?呮彮紺轟簡鐗╀綋涓嶅彈澶栧姏鏃墮伒寰?鐨勮繍鍔ㄨ?勫緥錛屽悗鑰呰〃鏄庣殑鏄?鐗╀綋鐨勫睘鎬с??
銆?銆?鈶ｆ儻鎬ф湁鏈夊埄鐨勪竴闈?錛屼篃鏈夋湁瀹崇殑涓?闈?錛屾垜浠?鏈夋椂瑕佸埄鐢ㄦ儻鎬э紝鏈夋椂瑕侀槻姝㈡儻鎬у甫鏉ョ殑鍗卞?籌紝浣嗗茍涓嶆槸“浜х敓”鎯?鎬ф垨“娑堢伃”鎯?鎬с??
銆?銆?鈶ゅ悓涓?涓?鐗╀綋涓嶈?烘槸闈欐?㈣繕鏄?榪愬姩銆佽繍鍔ㄥ揩榪樻槸榪愬姩鎱?錛屼笉璁哄彈鍔涜繕鏄?涓嶅彈鍔涳紝閮藉叿鏈夋儻鎬э紝鑰屼笖鎯?鎬уぇ灝忔槸涓嶅彉鐨勩?傛儻鎬у彧涓庣墿浣撶殑璐ㄩ噺鏈夊叧錛岃川閲忓ぇ鐨勭墿浣撴儻鎬уぇ錛岃?屼笌鐗╀綋鐨勮繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬佹棤鍏熾??
銆?銆?(3)鍦ㄨВ閲婁竴浜涘父瑙佺殑鎯?鎬х幇璞℃椂錛屽彲浠ユ寜浠ヤ笅鏉ュ垎鏋愪綔絳旓細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶犵‘瀹氱爺絀跺?硅薄銆?
銆?銆?鈶″紕娓呯爺絀跺?硅薄鍘熸潵澶勪簬浠?涔堟牱鐨勮繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬併??
銆?銆?鈶㈠彂鐢熶簡浠?涔堟牱鐨勬儏鍐靛彉鍖栥??
銆?銆?鈶ｇ敱浜庢儻鎬х爺絀跺?硅薄淇濇寔鍘熸潵鐨勮繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬佷簬鏄?鍑虹幇浜嗕粈涔堢幇璞°??
銆?銆?浜屻?佷簩鍔涘鉤琛★細(xì)
銆?銆?1銆佸畾涔夛細(xì)鐗╀綋鍦ㄥ彈鍒頒袱涓?鍔涚殑浣滅敤鏃訛紝濡傛灉鑳戒繚鎸侀潤姝㈢姸鎬佹垨鍖?閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬佺О浜屽姏騫寵銆?
銆?銆?2銆佷簩鍔涘鉤琛℃潯浠訛細(xì)浜屽姏浣滅敤鍦ㄥ悓涓?鐗╀綋涓娿?佸ぇ灝忕浉絳夈?佹柟鍚戠浉鍙嶃?佷袱涓?鍔涘湪涓?鏉＄洿綰夸笂
銆?銆?姒傛嫭錛氫簩鍔涘鉤琛℃潯浠剁敤鍏?涓?瀛楁?傛嫭“鍚屼綋銆佺瓑澶с?佸弽鍚戙?佸叡綰?”
銆?銆?3銆佸鉤琛″姏涓庣浉浜掍綔鐢ㄥ姏姣旇緝錛?
銆?銆?鐩稿悓鐐癸細(xì)鈶犲ぇ灝忕浉絳夆憽鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽鈶?浣滅敤鍦ㄤ竴鏉＄洿綰夸笂銆備笉鍚岀偣錛氬鉤琛″姏浣滅敤鍦ㄤ竴涓?鐗╀綋涓婂彲浠ユ槸涓嶅悓鎬ц川鐨勫姏;鐩鎬簰鍔涗綔鐢ㄥ湪涓嶅悓鐗╀綋涓婃槸鐩稿悓鎬ц川鐨勫姏銆?
銆?銆?1銆? 鍔涘拰榪愬姩鐘舵?佺殑鍏崇郴錛?
銆?銆?鐗╀綋鍙楀姏鏉′歡 鐗╀綋榪愬姩鐘舵?? 璇存槑
銆?銆?鍔涗笉鏄?浜х敓(緇存寔)榪愬姩鐨勫師鍥?
銆?銆?鍙楅潪騫寵鍔?
銆?銆?鍚堝姏涓嶄負(fù)0
銆?銆?鍔涙槸鏀瑰彉鐗╀綋榪愬姩鐘舵?佺殑鍘熷洜
銆?銆?6銆佸簲鐢?錛氬簲鐢ㄤ簩鍔涘鉤琛℃潯浠惰В棰樿?佺敾鍑虹墿浣撳彈鍔涚ず鎰忓浘銆?
銆?銆?鐢誨浘鏃舵敞鎰忥細(xì)鈶犲厛鐢婚噸鍔涚劧鍚庣湅鐗╀綋涓庨偅浜涚墿浣撴帴瑙︼紝灝卞彲鑳藉彈鍒拌繖浜涚墿浣撶殑浣滅敤鍔? 鈶＄敾鍥炬椂榪樿?佽?冭檻鐗╀綋榪愬姩鐘舵?併??
銆?銆?鐗╀綋鍙楀埌涓や釜鍔涚殑浣滅敤鏃訛紝濡傛灉淇濇寔闈欐?㈢姸鎬佹垨鍖?閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬侊紝鍒欒繖涓や釜鍔涘鉤琛°?傚姏鍜岃繍鍔ㄧ殑鍏崇郴
銆?銆?(1)涓嶅彈鍔涙垨鍙楀鉤琛″姏 鐗╀綋淇濇寔闈欐?㈡垨鍋氬寑閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔?
銆?銆?(2)鍙楅潪騫寵鍔? 榪愬姩鐘舵?佹敼鍙?
銆?銆?7. 榪愬姩鐘舵?佹敼鍙橈紝涓?瀹氭湁鍔涗綔鐢ㄥ湪鐗╀綋涓婏紝騫朵笖鏄?涓嶅鉤琛＄殑鍔涖??
銆?銆?8. 鏈夊姏浣滅敤鍦ㄧ墿浣撲笂錛岃繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬佷笉涓?瀹氭敼鍙樸??
銆?銆?涓夈?佹懇鎿﹀姏錛?
銆?銆?1銆佸畾涔夛細(xì)涓や釜浜掔浉鎺ヨЕ鐨勭墿浣擄紝褰撳畠浠?瑕佸彂鐢熸垨宸插彂鐢熺浉瀵硅繍鍔ㄦ椂錛屽氨浼?xì)鍦ㄦ帴瑙﹂?涓婁駭鐢熶竴縐嶉樆紕嶇浉瀵硅繍鍔ㄧ殑鍔涘氨鍙?鎽╂摝鍔涖??
銆?銆?2銆佹懇鎿﹀姏浜х敓鐨勬潯浠?:(1)涓ょ墿鎺ヨЕ騫舵尋鍘嬨??(2)鎺ヨЕ闈㈢矖緋欍??(3)灝嗚?佸彂鐢熸垨宸茬粡鍙戠敓鐩稿?硅繍鍔ㄣ??
銆?銆?3銆佹懇鎿﹀姏鐨勬柟鍚戯細(xì)鎽╂摝鍔涚殑鏂瑰悜涓庣墿浣撶浉瀵硅繍鍔ㄧ殑鏂瑰悜鐩稿弽錛屾湁鏃惰搗闃誨姏浣滅敤錛屾湁鏃惰搗鍔ㄥ姏浣滅敤銆?
銆?銆?4銆侀潤鎽╂摝鍔涘ぇ灝忓簲閫氳繃鍙楀姏鍒嗘瀽錛岀粨鍚堜簩鍔涘鉤琛℃眰寰?
銆?銆?5銆佸湪鐩稿悓鏉′歡(鍘嬪姏銆佹帴瑙﹂潰綺楃硻紼嬪害鐩稿悓)涓嬶紝婊氬姩鎽╂摝姣旀粦鍔ㄦ懇鎿﹀皬寰楀?氥??
銆?銆?6銆佹粦鍔ㄦ懇鎿﹀姏錛?
銆?銆?鈶存祴閲忓師鐞嗭細(xì)浜屽姏騫寵鏉′歡
銆?銆?鈶墊祴閲忔柟娉曪細(xì)鎶婃湪鍧楁斁鍦ㄦ按騫抽暱鏈ㄦ澘涓婏紝鐢ㄥ脊綈ф祴鍔涜?℃按騫蟲媺鏈ㄥ潡錛屼嬌鏈ㄥ潡鍖?閫熻繍鍔?錛岃?誨嚭榪欐椂鐨勬媺鍔涘氨絳変簬婊戝姩鎽╂摝鍔涚殑澶у皬銆?
銆?銆?鈶? 緇撹?猴細(xì)鎺ヨЕ闈㈢矖緋欑▼搴︾浉鍚屾椂錛屽帇鍔涜秺澶ф粦鍔ㄦ懇鎿﹀姏瓚婂ぇ;鍘嬪姏鐩稿悓鏃訛紝鎺ヨЕ闈㈣秺綺楃硻婊戝姩鎽╂摝鍔涜秺澶с?傝?ョ爺絀墮噰鐢ㄤ簡鎺у埗鍙橀噺娉曘?傜敱鍓嶄袱緇撹?哄彲姒傛嫭涓猴細(xì)婊戝姩鎽╂摝鍔涚殑澶у皬涓庡帇鍔涘ぇ灝忓拰鎺ヨЕ闈㈢殑綺楃硻紼嬪害鏈夊叧銆傚疄楠岃繕鍙?鐮旂┒婊戝姩鎽╂摝鍔涚殑澶у皬涓庢帴瑙﹂潰澶у皬銆佽繍鍔ㄩ?熷害澶у皬絳夋棤鍏熾??
銆?銆?7銆佸簲鐢?錛氣懘鐞嗚?轟笂澧炲ぇ鎽╂摝鍔涚殑鏂規(guī)硶鏈夛細(xì)澧炲ぇ鍘嬪姏銆佹帴瑙﹂潰鍙樼矖緋欍?佸彉婊氬姩涓烘粦鍔ㄣ??
銆?銆?鈶電悊璁轟笂鍑忓皬鎽╂摝鐨勬柟娉曟湁錛氬噺灝忓帇鍔涖?佷嬌鎺ヨЕ闈㈠彉鍏夋粦銆佸彉婊戝姩涓烘粴鍔?(婊氬姩杞存壙)銆佷嬌鎺ヨЕ闈㈠郊姝ゅ垎寮?(鍔犳鼎婊戞補(bǔ)銆佹皵鍨?銆佺?佹?zhèn)瑡?)銆?
銆?銆?緇冧範(fàn)錛氱伀綆?灝嗛?炶埞閫佸叆澶?絀猴紝浠庤兘閲忚漿鍖栫殑瑙掑害鏉ョ湅錛屾槸鍖栧?﹁兘杞?鍖栦負(fù)鏈烘?拌兘銆傚お絀洪?炶埞鍦ㄥお絀轟腑閬ㄦ父錛屽畠 鍙楀姏(“鍙楀姏”鎴?“涓嶅彈鍔?”鐨勪綔鐢?錛屽垽鏂?渚濇嵁鏄?錛氶?炶埞鐨勮繍鍔ㄤ笉鏄?鍋氬寑閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔ㄣ?傞?炶埞瀹為獙瀹や腑鑳戒嬌鐢ㄧ殑浠?鍣ㄦ槸 B (A 寮圭哀嫻嬪姏璁°?丅娓╁害璁°?丆姘撮摱姘斿帇璁°?丏澶╁鉤)銆?
銆?銆?鏂扮増浜烘暀鐗堢墿鐞嗗叓騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐭ヨ瘑鐐規(guī)?葷粨錛氱??9-10绔?銆?銆?絎?涔?jié)绔犮€婂帇寮恒?嬪?嶄範(fàn)
銆?銆?涓?銆佸浐浣撶殑鍘嬪姏鍜屽帇寮?
銆?銆?1銆佸帇鍔涳細(xì)鈶? 瀹氫箟錛氬瀭鐩村帇鍦ㄧ墿浣撹〃闈?涓婄殑鍔涘彨鍘嬪姏銆?
銆?銆?鈶? 鍘嬪姏騫朵笉閮芥槸鐢遍噸鍔涘紩璧風(fēng)殑錛岄?氬父鎶婄墿浣撴斁鍦ㄦ?岄潰涓婃椂錛屽?傛灉鐗╀綋涓嶅彈鍏朵粬鍔涳紝鍒欏帇鍔汧 = 鐗╀綋鐨勯噸鍔汫
銆?銆?鈶? 鍥轟綋鍙?浠ュぇ灝忔柟鍚戜笉鍙樺湴浼犻?掑帇鍔涖??
銆?銆?鈶烽噸涓篏鐨勭墿浣撳湪鎵塊潰涓婇潤姝?涓嶅姩銆傛寚鍑轟笅鍒楀悇縐嶆儏鍐典笅鎵?鍙楀帇鍔涚殑澶у皬銆?
銆?銆?G G F+G G – F F-G F
銆?銆?2銆佺爺絀跺獎(jiǎng)鍝嶅帇鍔涗綔鐢ㄦ晥鏋滃洜绱犵殑瀹為獙錛?
銆?銆?鈶磋?炬湰鐢層?佷箼璇存槑錛氬彈鍔涢潰縐?鐩稿悓鏃訛紝鍘嬪姏瓚婂ぇ鍘嬪姏浣滅敤鏁堟灉瓚婃槑鏄俱?備箼銆佷笝璇存槑鍘嬪姏鐩稿悓鏃躲?佸彈鍔涢潰縐?瓚婂皬鍘嬪姏浣滅敤鏁堟灉瓚婃槑鏄俱?傛?傛嫭榪欎袱嬈″疄楠岀粨璁烘槸錛氬帇鍔涚殑浣滅敤鏁堟灉涓庡帇鍔涘拰鍙楀姏闈㈢Н鏈夊叧銆傛湰瀹為獙鐮旂┒闂?棰樻椂錛岄噰鐢ㄤ簡鎺у埗鍙橀噺娉曘?傚拰 瀵規(guī)瘮娉?
銆?銆?3銆佸帇寮猴細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶? 瀹氫箟錛氱墿浣撳崟浣嶉潰縐?涓婂彈鍒扮殑鍘嬪姏鍙?鍘嬪己銆?
銆?銆?鈶點(diǎn)??鐗╃悊鎰忎箟錛氬帇寮烘槸琛ㄧず鍘嬪姏浣滅敤鏁堟灉鐨勭墿鐞嗛噺
銆?銆?鈶躲??鍏?寮? p=F/ S 鍏朵腑鍚勯噺鐨勫崟浣嶅垎鍒?鏄?錛歱錛氬笗鏂?鍗?(Pa);F錛氱墰欏?(N)S錛氱背2(m2)銆?
銆?銆?A浣跨敤璇ュ叕寮忚?＄畻鍘嬪己鏃訛紝鍏抽敭鏄?鎵懼嚭鍘嬪姏F(涓?鑸現(xiàn)=G=mg)鍜屽彈鍔涢潰縐疭(鍙楀姏闈㈢Н瑕佹敞鎰忎袱鐗╀綋鐨勬帴瑙﹂儴鍒?)銆?
銆?銆?B鐗逛緥錛氬?逛簬鏀懼湪妗屽瓙涓婄殑鐩存煴浣?(濡傦細(xì)鍦嗘煴浣撱?佹?ｆ柟浣撱?侀暱鏀句綋絳?)瀵規(guī)?岄潰鐨勫帇寮簆=ρgh
銆?銆?鈶楓??鍘嬪己鍗曚綅Pa鐨勮?よ瘑錛氫竴寮犳姤綰稿鉤鏀炬椂瀵規(guī)?屽瓙鐨勫帇鍔涚害0.5Pa 銆傛垚浜虹珯绔嬫椂瀵瑰湴闈㈢殑鍘嬪己綰︿負(fù)錛?1.5×104Pa 銆傚畠琛ㄧず錛氫漢绔欑珛鏃訛紝鍏惰剼涓嬫瘡騫蟲柟綾抽潰縐?涓婏紝鍙楀埌鑴氱殑鍘嬪姏涓猴細(xì)1.5×104N
銆?銆?鈶? 搴旂敤錛氬綋鍘嬪姏涓嶅彉鏃訛紝鍙?閫氳繃澧炲ぇ鍙楀姏闈㈢Н鐨勬柟娉曟潵鍑忓皬鍘嬪己濡傦細(xì)閾佽礬閽㈣建閾烘灂鏈ㄣ?佸潶鍏嬪畨瑁呭飽甯︺?佷功鍖呭甫杈冨?界瓑銆備篃鍙?閫氳繃鍑忓皬鍙楀姏闈㈢Н鐨勬柟娉曟潵澧炲ぇ鍘嬪己濡傦細(xì)緙濅竴閽堝仛寰楀緢緇嗐?佽彍鍒?鍒?鍙ｅ緢钖?
銆?銆?4銆佷竴瀹瑰櫒鐩涙湁娑蹭綋鏀懼湪姘村鉤妗岄潰涓婏紝姹傚帇鍔涘帇寮洪棶棰橈細(xì)
銆?銆?澶勭悊鏃訛細(xì)鎶婄洓鏀炬恫浣撶殑瀹瑰櫒鐪嬫垚涓?涓?鏁翠綋錛屽厛紜?瀹氬帇鍔?(姘村鉤闈㈠彈鐨勫帇鍔汧=G瀹?+G娑?)錛屽悗紜?瀹氬帇寮?(涓?鑸?甯哥敤鍏?寮? p= F/S )銆?
銆?銆?浜屻?佹恫浣撶殑鍘嬪己
銆?銆?1銆佹恫浣撳唴閮ㄤ駭鐢熷帇寮虹殑鍘熷洜錛氭恫浣撳彈閲嶅姏涓斿叿鏈夋祦鍔ㄦ?с??
銆?銆?2銆佹祴閲忥細(xì)鍘嬪己璁? 鐢ㄩ?旓細(xì)嫻嬮噺娑蹭綋鍐呴儴鐨勫帇寮恒??
銆?銆?3銆佹恫浣撳帇寮虹殑瑙勫緥錛?
銆?銆?鈶? 娑蹭綋瀵瑰?瑰櫒搴曞拰嫻嬪?侀兘鏈夊帇寮猴紝娑蹭綋鍐呴儴鍚戝悇涓?鏂瑰悜閮芥湁鍘嬪己;
銆?銆?鈶? 鍦ㄥ悓涓?娣卞害錛屾恫浣撳悜鍚勪釜鏂瑰悜鐨勫帇寮洪兘鐩哥瓑;
銆?銆?鈶? 娑蹭綋鐨勫帇寮洪殢娣卞害鐨勫?炲姞鑰屽?炲ぇ;
銆?銆?鈶? 涓嶅悓娑蹭綋鐨勫帇寮轟笌娑蹭綋鐨勫瘑搴︽湁鍏熾?傚湪娣卞害鐩稿悓鏃訛紝娑蹭綋瀵嗗害瓚婂ぇ錛屾恫浣撳帇寮鴻秺澶с??
銆?銆?4銆佸帇寮哄叕寮忥細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶存帹瀵艱繃紼嬶細(xì)(緇撳悎璇炬湰)
銆?銆?娑叉煴浣撶НV=Sh ;璐ㄩ噺m=ρV=ρSh
銆?銆?娑茬墖鍙楀埌鐨勫帇鍔涳細(xì)F=G=mg=ρShg .
銆?銆?娑茬墖鍙楀埌鐨勫帇寮猴細(xì)p= F/S=ρgh
銆?銆?鈶墊恫浣撳帇寮哄叕寮弍=ρgh璇存槑錛?
銆?銆?A銆佸叕寮忛?傜敤鐨勬潯浠朵負(fù)錛氭恫浣?
銆?銆?B銆佸叕寮忎腑鐗╃悊閲忕殑鍗曚綅涓猴細(xì)p錛歅a;ρ錛歬g/m3 g錛歂/kg;h錛歮
銆?銆?C銆佷粠鍏?寮忎腑鐪嬪嚭錛氭恫浣撶殑鍘嬪己鍙?涓庢恫浣撶殑瀵嗗害鍜屾恫浣撶殑娣卞害鏈夊叧錛岃?屼笌娑蹭綋鐨勮川閲忋?佷綋縐?銆侀噸鍔涖?佸?瑰櫒鐨勫簳闈㈢Н銆佸?瑰櫒褰㈢姸鍧囨棤鍏熾?傝憲鍚嶇殑甯曟柉鍗＄牬妗跺疄楠屽厖鍒嗚?存槑榪欎竴鐐廣??
銆?銆?D銆佹恫浣撳帇寮轟笌娣卞害鍏崇郴鍥捐薄錛?
銆?銆?5銆佽?＄畻娑蹭綋瀵瑰?瑰櫒搴曠殑鍘嬪姏鍜屽帇寮洪棶棰橈細(xì)
銆?銆?涓?鑸?鏂規(guī)硶錛氫竴棣栧厛紜?瀹氬帇寮簆=ρgh;浜屽叾嬈＄‘瀹氬帇鍔汧=pS
銆?銆?鐗規(guī)畩鎯呭喌錛氬帇寮猴細(xì)瀵圭洿鏌卞艦瀹瑰櫒鍙?鍏堟眰F銆?鐢╬=F/S
銆?銆?鍘嬪姏錛氣憼浣滃浘娉曘??銆?鈶″?圭洿鏌卞艦瀹瑰櫒銆?F=G
銆?銆?6銆佽繛閫氬櫒錛氣懘瀹氫箟錛氫笂绔?寮?鍙ｏ紝涓嬮儴鐩歌繛閫氱殑瀹瑰櫒
銆?銆?鈶靛師鐞嗭細(xì)榪為?氬櫒閲岃?呬竴縐嶆恫浣撲笖娑蹭綋涓嶆祦鍔ㄦ椂錛屽悇瀹瑰櫒鐨勬恫闈?淇濇寔鐩稿鉤
銆?銆?鈶跺簲鐢?錛氳尪澹躲?侀攨鐐夋按浣嶈?°?佷鉤鐗涜嚜鍔ㄥ杺姘村櫒銆佽埞闂哥瓑閮芥槸鏍規(guī)嵁榪為?氬櫒鐨勫師鐞嗘潵宸ヤ綔鐨勩??
銆?銆?涓夈?佸ぇ姘斿帇
銆?銆?1銆佹?傚康錛氬ぇ姘斿?規(guī)蹈鍦ㄥ畠閲岄潰鐨勭墿浣撶殑鍘嬪己鍙?鍋氬ぇ姘斿帇寮猴紝綆?縐板ぇ姘斿帇錛屼竴鑸?鏈塸0琛ㄧず銆傝?存槑錛?“澶ф皵鍘?”涓?“姘斿帇”(鎴栭儴鍒嗘皵浣撳帇寮?)鏄?鏈夊尯鍒?鐨勶紝濡傞珮鍘嬮攨鍐呯殑姘斿帇——鎸囬儴鍒嗘皵浣撳帇寮恒?傞珮鍘嬮攨澶栫О澶ф皵鍘嬨??
銆?銆?2銆佷駭鐢熷師鍥狅細(xì)鍥犱負(fù) 絀烘皵鍙楅噸鍔涘茍涓斿叿鏈夋祦鍔ㄦ?с??
銆?銆?3銆佸ぇ姘斿帇鐨勫瓨鍦?—瀹為獙璇佹槑錛氬巻鍙蹭笂钁楀悕鐨勫疄楠?——椹?寰峰牎鍗婄悆瀹為獙銆?
銆?銆?4銆佸ぇ姘斿帇鐨勫疄楠屾祴瀹氾細(xì)鎵橀噷鎷嗗埄瀹為獙銆?
銆?銆?(1)瀹為獙榪囩▼錛氬湪闀跨害1m錛屼竴绔?灝侀棴鐨勭幓鐠冪?￠噷鐏屾弧姘撮摱錛屽皢綆″彛鍫典綇錛岀劧鍚庡?掓彃鍦ㄦ按閾舵Ы涓?鏀懼紑鍫電?″彛鐨勬墜鎸囧悗錛岀?″唴姘撮摱闈?涓嬮檷涓?浜涘氨涓嶅湪涓嬮檷錛岃繖鏃剁?″唴澶栨按閾墮潰鐨勯珮搴﹀樊綰︿負(fù)760mm銆?
銆?銆?(2)鍘熺悊鍒嗘瀽錛氬湪綆″唴錛屼笌綆″?栨恫闈㈢浉騫崇殑鍦版柟鍙栦竴娑茬墖錛屽洜涓烘恫浣撲笉鍔ㄦ晠娑茬墖鍙楀埌涓婁笅鐨勫帇寮哄鉤琛°?傚嵆鍚戜笂鐨勫ぇ姘斿帇=姘撮摱鏌變駭鐢熺殑鍘嬪己銆?
銆?銆?(3)緇撹?猴細(xì)澶ф皵鍘媝0=760mmHg=76cmHg=1.01×105Pa(鍏跺?奸殢鐫?澶栫晫澶ф皵鍘嬬殑鍙樺寲鑰屽彉鍖?)
銆?銆?(4)璇存槑錛?
銆?銆?A瀹為獙鍓嶇幓鐠冪?￠噷姘撮摱鐏屾弧鐨勭洰鐨勬槸錛氫嬌鐜葷拑綆″?掔疆鍚庯紝姘撮摱涓婃柟涓虹湡絀?;鑻ユ湭鐏屾弧錛屽垯嫻嬮噺緇撴灉鍋忓皬銆?
銆?銆?B鏈?瀹為獙鑻ユ妸姘撮摱鏀規(guī)垚姘達(dá)紝鍒欓渶瑕佺幓鐠冪?＄殑闀垮害涓?10.3 m
銆?銆?C灝嗙幓鐠冪?＄◢涓婃彁鎴栦笅鍘嬶紝綆″唴澶栫殑楂樺害宸?涓嶅彉錛屽皢鐜葷拑綆″?炬枩錛岄珮搴︿笉鍙橈紝闀垮害鍙橀暱銆?
銆?銆?浠ヤ笅鎿嶄綔瀵瑰疄楠屾病鏈夊獎(jiǎng)鍝嶏細(xì)
銆?銆?鈶犵幓鐠冪?℃槸鍚﹀?炬枩;鈶＄幓鐠冪?＄殑綺楃粏;
銆?銆?鈶㈠湪涓嶇?誨紑姘撮摱妲介潰鐨勫墠鎻愪笅鐜葷拑綆″彛璺濇按閾墮潰鐨勪綅緗?銆?
銆?銆?1鏍囧噯澶ф皵鍘嬶細(xì) 鏀?鎸?76cm姘撮摱鏌辯殑澶ф皵鍘嬪彨鏍囧噯澶ф皵鍘嬨??
銆?銆?1鏍囧噯澶ф皵鍘?=760mmHg=76cmHg=1.01×105Pa
銆?銆?2鏍囧噯澶ф皵鍘?=2.02×105Pa錛屽彲鏀?鎸佹按鏌遍珮綰?20.6m
銆?銆?5銆佸ぇ姘斿帇鐨勭壒鐐癸細(xì)
銆?銆?(1)鐗圭偣錛氱┖姘斿唴閮ㄥ悜鍚勪釜鏂瑰悜閮芥湁鍘嬪己錛屼笖絀烘皵涓?鏌愮偣鍚戝悇涓?鏂瑰悜鐨勫ぇ姘斿帇寮洪兘鐩哥瓑銆傚ぇ姘斿帇闅忛珮搴﹀?炲姞鑰屽噺灝忋??
銆?銆?6銆佹祴閲忓伐鍏鳳細(xì)姘撮摱姘斿帇璁″拰鏃犳恫姘斿帇璁?
銆?銆?7銆佸簲鐢?錛氭椿濉炲紡鎶芥按鏈哄拰紱誨績姘存車銆?
銆?銆?8銆佹哺鐐逛笌鍘嬪己錛氬唴瀹癸細(xì)涓?鍒囨恫浣撶殑娌哥偣錛岄兘鏄?姘斿帇鍑忓皬鏃墮檷浣庯紝姘斿帇澧炲ぇ鏃跺崌楂樸?傚簲鐢?錛氶珮鍘嬮攨銆?
銆?銆?9銆佷綋縐?涓庡帇寮猴細(xì)鍐呭?癸細(xì)璐ㄩ噺涓?瀹氱殑姘斾綋錛屾俯搴︿笉鍙樻椂錛屾皵浣撶殑浣撶Н瓚婂皬鍘嬪己瓚婂ぇ錛屾皵浣撲綋縐?瓚婂ぇ鍘嬪己瓚婂皬銆?
銆?銆?搴旂敤錛氳В閲婁漢鐨勫懠鍚革紝鎵撴皵絳掑師鐞嗐??
銆?銆?鈽嗗垪涓懼嚭浣犳棩甯哥敓媧諱腑搴旂敤澶ф皵鍘嬬煡璇嗙殑鍑犱釜浜嬩緥?
銆?銆?絳旓細(xì)鈶犵敤濉戞枡鍚哥?′粠鐡朵腑鍚擱ギ鏂欌憽緇欓挗絎旀墦姘粹憿浣跨敤甯﹀惛鐩樼殑鎸傝。鍕鋸懀浜哄仛鍚告皵榪愬姩
銆?銆?10銆佹恫浣撳帇寮轟笌嫻侀?熺殑鍏崇郴錛?1.鍦ㄦ皵浣撳拰娑蹭綋涓?錛屾祦閫熻秺澶х殑浣嶇疆鍘嬪己瓚婂皬銆?
銆?銆?2.椋炴満鐨勫崌鍔涚殑浜х敓錛氶?炴満鐨勬満緲奸?氬父閮藉仛鎴愪笂闈㈠嚫璧楓?佷笅闈㈠鉤鐩寸殑褰㈢姸銆傚綋椋炴満鍦ㄦ満鍦鴻窇閬撲笂婊戣?屾椂錛屾祦榪囨満緲間笂鏂圭殑絀烘皵閫熷害蹇?銆佸帇寮哄皬錛屾祦榪囨満緲間笅鏂圭殑絀烘皵閫熷害鎱?銆佸帇寮哄ぇ銆傛満緲間笂涓嬫柟鎵?鍙楃殑鍘嬪姏宸?褰㈡垚鍚戜笂鐨勫崌鍔涖??
銆?銆?絎?鍗佺珷銆婃誕鍔涖?嬪?嶄範(fàn)
銆?銆?涓?銆佹誕鍔?
銆?銆?1銆佹誕鍔涚殑瀹氫箟錛氫竴鍒囨蹈鍏ユ恫浣?(姘斾綋)鐨勭墿浣撻兘鍙楀埌娑蹭綋(姘斾綋)瀵瑰畠绔栫洿鍚戜笂鐨勫姏 鍙?嫻?鍔涖??
銆?銆?2銆佹誕鍔涙柟鍚戯細(xì)绔栫洿鍚戜笂錛屾柦鍔涚墿浣擄細(xì)娑?(姘?)浣?
銆?銆?3銆佹誕鍔涗駭鐢熺殑鍘熷洜(瀹炶川)錛氭恫(姘?)浣撳?圭墿浣撳悜涓婄殑鍘嬪姏澶т簬鍚戜笅鐨勫帇鍔涳紝鍚戜笂銆佸悜涓嬬殑鍘嬪姏宸? 鍗蟲誕鍔涖??
銆?銆?4銆佺墿浣撶殑嫻?娌夋潯浠訛細(xì)
銆?銆?(1)鍓嶆彁鏉′歡錛氱墿浣撴蹈娌″湪娑蹭綋涓?錛屼笖鍙?鍙楁誕鍔涘拰閲嶅姏銆?
銆?銆?(2)璇鋒牴鎹?紺烘剰鍥懼畬鎴愪笅絀恒??
銆?銆?涓嬫矇 鎮(zhèn)?嫻? 涓婃誕 婕傛誕
銆?銆?F嫻? < G F嫻? = G F嫻? > G F嫻? = G
銆?銆?ρ娑?<ρ鐗? ρ娑? =ρ鐗? ρ娑? >ρ鐗? ρ娑? >ρ鐗?
銆?銆?(3)銆佽?存槑錛?
銆?銆?鈶? 瀵嗗害鍧囧寑鐨勭墿浣撴?zhèn)瑡?(鎴栨紓嫻?)鍦ㄦ煇娑蹭綋涓?錛岃嫢鎶婄墿浣撳垏鎴愬ぇ灝忎笉絳夌殑涓ゅ潡錛屽垯澶у潡銆佸皬鍧楅兘鎮(zhèn)?嫻?(鎴栨紓嫻?)銆?
銆?銆?鈶′竴鐗╀綋婕傛誕鍦ㄥ瘑搴︿負(fù)ρ鐨勬恫浣撲腑錛岃嫢闇插嚭浣撶Н涓虹墿浣撴?諱綋縐?鐨?1/3錛屽垯鐗╀綋瀵嗗害涓?(2/3)ρ
銆?銆?鍒嗘瀽錛欶嫻? = G 鍒欙細(xì)ρ娑睼鎺抔 =ρ鐗￢g
銆?銆?ρ鐗?=( V鎺?/V)?ρ娑?= 2/3ρ娑?
銆?銆?鈶? 鎮(zhèn)?嫻?涓庢紓嫻?鐨勬瘮杈?
銆?銆?鐩稿悓錛? F嫻? = G
銆?銆?涓嶅悓錛氭?zhèn)瑡?ρ娑? =ρ鐗? ;V鎺?=V鐗?
銆?銆?婕傛誕ρ娑? <ρ鐗?;V鎺? 銆?銆?鈶ｅ垽鏂?鐗╀綋嫻?娌?(鐘舵??)鏈変袱縐嶆柟娉曪細(xì)姣旇緝F嫻? 涓嶨鎴栨瘮杈?ρ娑蹭笌ρ鐗? 銆? 銆?銆?鈶? 鐗╀綋鍚婂湪嫻嬪姏璁′笂錛屽湪絀轟腑閲嶅姏涓篏錛屾蹈鍦ㄥ瘑搴︿負(fù)ρ鐨勬恫浣撲腑錛岀ず鏁頒負(fù)F鍒欑墿浣撳瘑搴︿負(fù)錛?ρ鐗?= Gρ/ (G-F) 銆?銆?浜屻?侀樋鍩虹背寰峰師鐞嗭細(xì) 銆?銆?(1)銆佸唴瀹癸細(xì)嫻稿叆娑蹭綋閲岀殑鐗╀綋鍙楀埌鍚戜笂鐨勬誕鍔涳紝嫻?鍔涚殑澶у皬絳変簬瀹冩帓寮?鐨勬恫浣撳彈鍒扮殑閲嶅姏銆? 銆?銆?(2)銆佸叕寮忚〃紺猴細(xì)F嫻? = G鎺? =ρ娑睼鎺抔 浠庡叕寮忎腑鍙?浠ョ湅鍑猴細(xì)娑蹭綋瀵圭墿浣撶殑嫻?鍔涗笌娑蹭綋鐨勫瘑搴﹀拰鐗╀綋鎺掑紑娑蹭綋鐨勪綋縐?鏈夊叧錛岃?屼笌鐗╀綋鐨勮川閲忋?佷綋縐?銆侀噸鍔涖?佸艦鐘? 銆佹蹈娌＄殑娣卞害絳夊潎鏃犲叧銆? 銆?銆?(3)銆侀?傜敤鏉′歡錛氭恫浣?(鎴栨皵浣?) 銆?銆?6錛氭紓嫻?闂?棰?“浜旇?勫緥”錛?(鍘嗗勾涓?鑰冮?戠巼杈冮珮錛?) 銆?銆?瑙勫緥涓?錛氱墿浣撴紓嫻?鍦ㄦ恫浣撲腑錛屾墍鍙楃殑嫻?鍔涚瓑浜庡畠鍙楃殑閲嶅姏; 銆?銆?瑙勫緥浜岋細(xì)鍚屼竴鐗╀綋鍦ㄤ笉鍚屾恫浣撻噷錛屾墍鍙楁誕鍔涚浉鍚?; 銆?銆?瑙勫緥涓夛細(xì)鍚屼竴鐗╀綋鍦ㄤ笉鍚屾恫浣撻噷婕傛誕錛屽湪瀵嗗害澶х殑娑蹭綋閲屾蹈鍏ョ殑浣撶Н灝?; 銆?銆?瑙勫緥鍥涳細(xì)婕傛誕鐗╀綋嫻稿叆娑蹭綋鐨勪綋縐?鏄?瀹冩?諱綋縐?鐨勫嚑鍒嗕箣鍑狅紝鐗╀綋瀵嗗害灝辨槸娑蹭綋瀵嗗害鐨勫嚑鍒嗕箣鍑?; 銆?銆?瑙勫緥浜旓細(xì)灝嗘紓嫻?鐗╀綋鍏ㄩ儴嫻稿叆娑蹭綋閲岋紝闇?鍔犵殑绔栫洿鍚戜笅鐨勫?栧姏絳変簬娑蹭綋瀵圭墿浣撳?炲ぇ鐨勬誕鍔涖?? 銆?銆?涓夈?佹誕鍔涚殑鍒╃敤錛? 銆?銆?(1)銆佽疆鑸癸細(xì)宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊錛氳?佷嬌瀵嗗害澶т簬姘寸殑鏉愭枡鍒舵垚鑳藉?熸紓嫻?鍦ㄦ按闈?涓婄殑鐗╀綋蹇呴』鎶婂畠鍋氭垚絀哄績鐨勶紝浣垮畠鑳藉?熸帓寮?鏇村?氱殑姘淬?? 銆?銆?鎺掓按閲忥細(xì)杞?鑸規(guī)弧杞芥椂鎺掑紑姘寸殑璐ㄩ噺銆傚崟浣? t 鐢辨帓姘撮噺m 鍙?璁＄畻鍑猴細(xì)鎺掑紑娑蹭綋鐨勪綋縐疺鎺?= ;鎺掑紑娑蹭綋鐨勯噸鍔汫鎺? = m g ;杞?鑸瑰彈鍒扮殑嫻?鍔汧嫻? = m g 杞?鑸瑰拰璐х墿鍏遍噸G=m g 銆? 銆?銆?(2)銆?娼滄按鑹囷細(xì) 銆?銆?宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊錛氭綔姘磋墖鐨勪笅娼滃拰涓婃誕鏄?闈犳敼鍙樿嚜韜?閲嶅姏鏉ュ疄鐜扮殑銆? 銆?銆?(3)銆佹皵鐞冨拰椋炶墖錛? 銆?銆?宸ヤ綔鍘熺悊錛氭皵鐞冩槸鍒╃敤絀烘皵鐨勬誕鍔涘崌絀虹殑銆傛皵鐞冮噷鍏呯殑鏄?瀵嗗害灝忎簬絀烘皵鐨勬皵浣撳?傦細(xì)姘㈡皵銆佹唉姘旀垨鐑?絀烘皵銆? 銆?銆?(4)銆佸瘑搴﹁?★細(xì) 銆?銆?鍘熺悊錛氬埄鐢ㄧ墿浣撶殑婕傛誕鏉′歡鏉ヨ繘琛屽伐浣溿?? 銆?銆?鏋勯?狅細(xì)涓嬮潰鐨勯摑綺掕兘浣垮瘑搴﹁?＄洿绔嬪湪娑蹭綋涓?銆? 銆?銆?鍒誨害錛氬埢搴︾嚎浠庝笂鍒頒笅錛屽?瑰簲鐨勬恫浣撳瘑搴﹁秺鏉ヨ秺澶? 銆?銆?8銆佹誕鍔涜?＄畻棰樻柟娉曟?葷粨錛? 銆?銆?(1)銆佺‘瀹氱爺絀跺?硅薄錛岃?ゅ噯瑕佺爺絀剁殑鐗╀綋銆? 銆?銆?(2)銆佸垎鏋愮墿浣撳彈鍔涙儏鍐電敾鍑哄彈鍔涚ず鎰忓浘錛屽垽鏂?鐗╀綋鍦ㄦ恫浣撲腑鎵?澶勭殑鐘舵??(鐪嬫槸鍚﹂潤姝㈡垨鍋氬寑閫熺洿綰胯繍鍔?)銆? 銆?銆?(3)銆侀?夋嫨鍚堥?傜殑鏂規(guī)硶鍒楀嚭絳夊紡(涓?鑸?鑰冭檻騫寵鏉′歡)銆? 銆?銆?璁＄畻嫻?鍔涙柟娉?: 銆?銆?鈶犵О閲忔硶錛欶嫻?= G-F(鐢ㄥ脊綈ф祴鍔涜?℃祴嫻?鍔?)銆? 銆?銆?鈶″帇鍔涘樊娉曪細(xì)F嫻?= F鍚戜笂 - F鍚戜笅(鐢ㄦ誕鍔涗駭鐢熺殑鍘熷洜姹傛誕鍔?) 銆?銆?鈶㈡紓嫻?銆佹?zhèn)瑡?鏃訛紝F嫻?=G (浜屽姏騫寵姹傛誕鍔?;) 銆?銆?鈶?F嫻?=G鎺? 鎴朏嫻?=ρ娑睼鎺抔 (闃垮熀綾沖痙鍘熺悊姹傛誕鍔涳紝鐭ラ亾鐗╀綋鎺掑紑娑蹭綋鐨勮川閲忔垨浣撶Н鏃跺父鐢?) 銆?銆?鈶ゆ牴鎹?嫻?娌夋潯浠舵瘮杈冩誕鍔?(鐭ラ亾鐗╀綋璐ㄩ噺鏃跺父鐢?) 瀛︿笟鐨勭簿娣遍?犺?ｆ潵婧愪簬鍕ゅ?嬪ソ瀛︼紝鍙?鏈夊ソ瀛﹁?咃紝鎵嶈兘鍦ㄦ棤杈圭殑鐭ヨ瘑嫻鋒磱閲岀寧鍙栧埌鐪熸櫤鎵嶅?︼紝鍙?鏈夌湡姝ｅ嫟濂嬬殑浜烘墠鑳藉厠鏈嶅洶闅撅紝鎸佷箣浠ユ亽錛屼笅闈㈡垜緇欏ぇ瀹跺垎浜?涓?浜?鍏?騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑錛屽笇鏈涜兘澶熷府鍔╁ぇ瀹訛紝嬈㈣繋闃呰??! 鍏?騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑1 涓?銆佺墿浣撶殑璐ㄩ噺 1銆佸畾涔夆?斺?旂墿浣撴墍鍚?鐗╄川鐨勫?氬皯鍙?鍋氱墿浣撶殑璐ㄩ噺錛岄?氬父鐢ㄥ瓧姣峬琛ㄧず銆傚湪鍥介檯鍗曚綅鍒朵腑錛岃川閲忕殑鍗曚綅鏄?鍗冨厠錛岀?﹀彿涓恒帍銆傚父鐢ㄧ殑璐ㄩ噺鍗曚綅榪樻湁鍏?(g)銆佹??鍏?(mg)鍜屽惃(t)銆傛崲綆楀叧緋諱負(fù)錛? 1t=1000銕?1銕?=1000g1g=1000mg 嫻嬮噺宸ュ叿錛氬ぉ騫蟲墭鐩樺ぉ騫充嬌鐢ㄨ?存槑 鈶犮?佷嬌鐢ㄥぉ騫蟲椂錛屽簲灝嗗ぉ騫蟲斁鍦ㄦ按騫沖伐浣滃彴涓娿?? 鈶°?佷嬌鐢ㄥぉ騫蟲椂錛屽簲鍏堝皢娓哥爜縐昏嚦鏍囧昂宸︾??鐨勨??0鈥濆埢搴︾嚎澶勶紝鍐嶈皟鑺傛í姊佷笂鐨勫鉤琛¤灪姣嶏紝浣挎寚閽堝?瑰噯鍒嗗害鐩樹腑澶?鐨勫埢搴︾嚎銆? 鈶?銆佹祴閲忕墿浣撹川閲忔椂錛屽簲灝嗙墿浣撴斁鍦ㄥぉ騫崇殑宸︾洏;鐢ㄩ晩瀛愬悜鍙崇洏鍔犲噺鐮濈爜;縐誨姩娓哥爜錛屼嬌鎸囬拡瀵瑰噯鍒嗗害鐩樹腑澶?鐨勫埢搴︾嚎銆傛?ゆ椂錛屽彸鐩樹腑鐮濈爜鐨勬?昏川閲忎笌娓哥爜鎵?紺鴻川閲忎箣鍜岀瓑浜庢墍嫻嬬墿浣撶殑璐ㄩ噺銆? 娉ㄦ剰錛? A銆佺敤澶╁鉤嫻嬮噺鐗╀綋鐨勮川閲忔椂錛屽緟嫻嬬墿浣撶殑鎬昏川閲忎笉鑳借秴榪囧ぉ騫崇殑嫻嬮噺鍊箋?傚悜鍙崇洏閲屽姞鍑忕牆鐮佹椂搴旇交鎷胯交鏀俱?? 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(3)鍦ㄨВ閲婁竴浜涘父瑙佺殑鎯?鎬х幇璞℃椂錛屽彲浠ユ寜浠ヤ笅鏉ュ垎鏋愪綔絳旓細(xì) 鈶犵‘瀹氱爺絀跺?硅薄銆? 鈶″紕娓呯爺絀跺?硅薄鍘熸潵澶勪簬浠?涔堟牱鐨勮繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬併?? 鈶㈠彂鐢熶簡浠?涔堟牱鐨勬儏鍐靛彉鍖栥?? 鈶ｇ敱浜庢儻鎬х爺絀跺?硅薄淇濇寔鍘熸潵鐨勮繍鍔ㄧ姸鎬佷簬鏄?鍑虹幇浜嗕粈涔堢幇璞°?? 鍏?騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑鐐圭浉鍏?鏂囩珷錛? 鈽?鏈?鏂頒漢鏁欑増鍏?騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑鐐? 鈽?鍒濅簩鐗╃悊鎵?鏈夌煡璇嗙偣姹囨?? 鈽?鍒濅簩鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑鐐瑰ぇ鎬葷粨 鈽?鍏?騫寸駭鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑鐐瑰ぇ鍏? 鈽?鍏?騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑鐐? 鈽?鍏?騫寸駭鐗╃悊涓嬪唽鐭ヨ瘑鐐? 鈽?鍏?騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐗╃悊絎旇?? 鈽?鍏?騫寸駭涓嬪唽鐗╃悊鐭ヨ瘑鐐規(guī)?葷粨 鈽?鍒濅簩鐗╃悊絎?涓?鍗曞厓鐭ヨ瘑鐐瑰ぇ鍏? 鈽?鍏?騫寸駭涓嬬墿鐞嗙煡璇嗙偣鎬葷粨 初二物理必考重點(diǎn)知識(shí)
